embryo
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• labyrinthine precursors are absent
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• giant cells are produced but the spongiotrophoblast lineage is absent
• marker analysis indicates that the fate of trophoblast precursor cells is shifted towards production of giant cells and away from development of spongiotrophoblast and labyrinthine lineages
• undifferentiated trophoectodermal cells are present at E8.0 but absent by E9.0 indicating a failure to maintain the multipotent progenitor cell population
• unable to derive trophoblast stem cell lines from E3.5 embryos or E6.5 extraembryonic ectoderm
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• the spongiotrophoblast lineage is absent
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Analysis Tools