growth/size/body
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• mice have a smaller fat mass without changes in lean mass
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• mice fed a chow diet are leaner than wild-type mice
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• mice are lighter than wild-type mice after being fed a high-fat diet for 7 weeks indicating that they are protected from diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance via increasing thermogenesis and energy expenditure
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adipose tissue
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• mice have a smaller fat mass without changes in lean mass
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• mice exhibit smaller lipid droplets in brown adipose tissue upon high-fat diet feeding, with more than nearly 60% of lipid droplets less than 200 um2
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• brown adipose tissue exhibits higher oxygen consumption rate
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• upon cold exposure, brown adipose tissue shows about 2 degrees Celsius higher temperature than that of wild-type mice
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homeostasis/metabolism
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• upon 3 hours of cold challenge, mice have a higher core body temperature by 3 degrees Celsius compared to wild-type mice, with an even greater difference in core body temperature after 4 hours, indicating higher cold tolerance
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• mice are lighter than wild-type mice after being fed a high-fat diet for 7 weeks indicating that they are protected from diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance via increasing thermogenesis and energy expenditure
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• mice have higher oxygen consumption rate during nights at room temperature (23 degrees C) and cold ambient temperature (4 degrees C)
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• mice fed a high-fat diet show lower blood glucose levels during glucose tolerance test than wild-type mice
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• mice fed a high-fat diet exhibit improved insulin sensitivity in the insulin tolerance test
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