Analysis Tools
growth/size/body
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• mice do not show age-related increase in adiposity from 8 to 16 weeks of age as is seen in wild-type mice, with a global decrease in fat mass, including intrascapular brown adipose tissue, and inguinal and gonadal white adipose tissue as well as liver weight
• reduction in fat-to-lean mass ratio
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• pups are born smaller
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• mice stay lean as they age
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• mice are protected against high fat diet weight gain, showing reduced weight from both fat and lean mass, although the major reduction occurs in fat mass
• males are partially protected from high fat diet-induced weight gain while females are almost completely protected
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• mice exhibit delayed early growth; mice show a trend for lower body weight as early as P0, with difference becoming significant by P3-P4, and lower weight at 3 weeks of age which normalizes with age so that no difference is seen at 8 weeks in males and females remaining slightly lighter up to 16 weeks
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adipose tissue
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• mice do not show age-related increase in adiposity from 8 to 16 weeks of age as is seen in wild-type mice, with a global decrease in fat mass, including intrascapular brown adipose tissue, and inguinal and gonadal white adipose tissue as well as liver weight
• reduction in fat-to-lean mass ratio
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behavior/neurological
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• males exhibit reduced food intake only during the day, while females show reduced food intake during both the day and night
• males, but not females, show a reduction in daily food intake when fed a high fat diet
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• mice show a tendency of increase locomotor activity, although the difference does not reach significance except in daytime activity in males
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• males exhibit reduced exercise endurance, with mice showing a trend in decreased run time and work performance, lower maximum velocity without changes in maximal oxygen consumption, slightly reduced exercise capacity, and no differences in blood glucose levels after endurance training
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homeostasis/metabolism
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• males exhibit reduced exercise endurance, with mice showing a trend in decreased run time and work performance, lower maximum velocity without changes in maximal oxygen consumption, slightly reduced exercise capacity, and no differences in blood glucose levels after endurance training
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• mice are protected against high fat diet weight gain, showing reduced weight from both fat and lean mass, although the major reduction occurs in fat mass
• males are partially protected from high fat diet-induced weight gain while females are almost completely protected
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• insulin levels are reduced at 3 weeks but not 8 weeks of age
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• level of circulating IGF-1 is reduced in 3-week-old but not in 8-week old mice
• however, circulating growth hormone (GH) levels are normal in 3-week and 8-week-old mice
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• respiratory exchange ratio (RER) of males is reduced during the daytime, but is not changed for females
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• RER of females is increased during the nighttime but is not changed in males
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• 8- to 10-week-old mice show improved glucose tolerance, independent of body weight
• high fat diet fed mice show improved glucose tolerance
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• 8- to 10-week-old mice show increased insulin sensitivity, independent of body weight
• high fat diet fed mice show improved insulin sensitivity
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