Analysis Tools
mortality/aging
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• heterozygous matings yield no live-born homozygous offspring
• first obvious signs of abnormal cardiac development are seen at E14.5
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cardiovascular system
| N |
• vitelline vessels in the yolk sac are apparently normal
• no arteriovenous malformation is observed, and the dorsal aorta and cardinal veins appear as distinct vessels
|
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• by E17.5, the gross morphology of the heart is overtly abnormal
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• at E14.5, homozygotes appear grossly normal but display obvious signs of cardiac developmental defects
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• by E17.5, most mutant hearts show pronounced ventricular septal defects
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• by E17.5
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• heart is overtly enlarged by E17.5
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• at E14.5
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• ventricular wall is significantly thinner at E14.5
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• marked pericardial edema at E14.5
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hemorrhage
(
J:222016
)
|
• starting around E16.5, with increased severity in older embryos
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• at E14.5, cell cycle activity in the myocardium is significantly reduced, as shown by staining with anti-Ki67 antibody
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homeostasis/metabolism
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• marked pericardial edema at E14.5
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• starting around E16.5, with increased severity in older embryos, suggesting lymphatic defects
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muscle
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• at E14.5, cell cycle activity in the myocardium is significantly reduced, as shown by staining with anti-Ki67 antibody
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cellular
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• at E14.5, cell cycle activity in the myocardium is significantly reduced, as shown by staining with anti-Ki67 antibody
|
embryo
| N |
• homozygotes do not display any gross developmental defects up to E16.5
|
growth/size/body
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• heart is overtly enlarged by E17.5
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