Analysis Tools
homeostasis/metabolism
| N |
• serum proinsulin levels and proinsulin to insulin ratio are normal
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• in response to hyperinsulinemia, hepatic glucose output is reduced compared to in wild-type mice
• upon hyperinsulinemic clamping, glucose uptake rate is doubled
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• in islet when stimulated with high glucose during the first phase and in total
• following depolarization-evoked exocytosis
• increased islet insulin and proinsulin content
• during an oral glucose tolerance test after overnight fasting
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|
• in 3 month old mice fed standard chow
• however, levels are normal after a 2 h or overnight fast
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• in 3 month old mice fed standard chow
• however, levels are normal after a 2 h or overnight fast
|
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• delayed glucose clearance during an oral glucose tolerance test after overnight fasting
• impaired glucose clearance upon re-feeding after overnight fasting
|
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• suggested by delayed glucose clearance despite increased insulin secretion
• during hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp studies, mice exhibit 1.5-fold lower glucose infusion rate compared with wild-type mice
• severe liver and muscle insulin resistance at 3 months of age
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endocrine/exocrine glands
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• beta cells exhibit increased number of insulin granules compared to in wild-type cells
• however, mice exhibit normal size of dense core and islet morphology
|
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• in islet when stimulated with high glucose during the first phase and in total
• following depolarization-evoked exocytosis
• increased islet insulin and proinsulin content
• during an oral glucose tolerance test after overnight fasting
|
muscle
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• impaired in the soleus and extensor digitorum longus
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adipose tissue
| N |
• brown and white adipose tissue glucose uptake was normal
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cellular
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• impaired in the soleus and extensor digitorum longus
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