growth/size/body
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• mutants show greater weight gain in the first week on a high fat diet compared to controls on the same diet
• treatment with mifepristone stabilizes mutant body weight
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• mutants gain more weight than controls on the same diet, despite no increase in food intake
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• males develop obesity around 4 months of age, while females exhibit this around 5 months
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• gonadal white adipose tissue fat pads are significantly increased in males and females
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endocrine/exocrine glands
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• from 3 months of age, thickness is increased becoming highly significant at 5 months, compared to controls
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• beginning at 3 months, hypertrophy is observed, becoming significant by 5 months
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adipose tissue
| N |
• interscapular brown adipose tissue are found in mutants and controls
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• fat mass is significantly increased in 3 month-old and 9 month-old male mutants; however, fat-free mass is unaltered
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• mutants have increased fat accumulation in the head/neck region
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• gonadal white adipose tissue fat pads are significantly increased in males and females
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• mesenteric adipose tissue fat pads are significantly increased in males and females
|
behavior/neurological
| N |
• no alterations in circadian rhythm or cumulative food intake at 2 or 8 months of age
• on a high fat diet, mutants exhibit decreased food intake similarly to controls
• open field activity and elevated plus maze behavior (indicator of anxiety-like behavior) does not differ between mutants and controls at any age
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• home cage activity is significantly increased during the dark phase in 8 month-old obese mutants
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nervous system
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• GABAergic output of Cck interneurons onto Crh neurons is reduced; increased neuronal activity results
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homeostasis/metabolism
| N |
• oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production rates, as well as respiratory exchange ratio and energy expenditure are similar
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• signicantly elevated in older obese mice
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• signicantly elevated in older obese mice
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• observed in older obese mice
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• mutants show increased de novo lipogenesis in the liver
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• afternoon levels are increased compared to controls
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liver/biliary system
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• gonadal white adipose tissue fat pads are significantly increased in males and females
|
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• aged mice (5 months) show increased hepatic lipid stores compared to controls
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