Analysis Tools
digestive/alimentary system
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• under normal physiological conditions, colon histology and the number of BrdU- and TUNEL-positive cells in the colon and ileum are normal, and only a slight increase in migration of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) is observed in the small intestine and colon
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• untreated mice show partial mislocalization of apical junction complex (AJC) proteins
• at 2 days after DSS treatment, the percentage of colonic epithelial region in direct contact with bacteria is significantly higher than that in wild-type controls
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• at 2 days after DSS treatment, erosion of the colonic inner mucus layer is more advanced, mucus layers are thinner, and the percentage of epithelial region in contact with bacteria is significantly higher than that in wild-type controls, suggesting rapid destruction of the inner mucus layer
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• under normal physiological conditions, some enlarged goblet cells are found in the ileum but not in the colon
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• at 7 days after DSS treatment, colon length is significantly less than that in wild-type controls
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• untreated mice show a slight increase in paracellular permeability
• however, no significant increase in epithelial permeability is seen after DSS treatment despite marked TNF induction
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• at 24 h after FITC-DSS treatment, DSS-positive cells are significantly increased in intraluminal cells at the bottom of the mucosa in the distal colon
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• following exposure to 1.5% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in drinking water, mice show an earlier onset of induced colitis than wild-type controls with significantly higher mRNA levels of Tnf and Cxcl2 in the colon at 2 days after treatment, a significant body weight loss after 5 days of treatment, and a shortened colon with a higher histological score in the middle and distal region of the colon at 7 days after treatment
• however, cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cell migration of colonic cells is similar to that in wild-type controls at 2 days after DSS treatment
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immune system
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• following exposure to 1.5% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in drinking water, mice show an earlier onset of induced colitis than wild-type controls with significantly higher mRNA levels of Tnf and Cxcl2 in the colon at 2 days after treatment, a significant body weight loss after 5 days of treatment, and a shortened colon with a higher histological score in the middle and distal region of the colon at 7 days after treatment
• however, cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cell migration of colonic cells is similar to that in wild-type controls at 2 days after DSS treatment
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• at 2 days after DSS treatment, a subset of intraluminal cells in distal colon sections show high levels of TNF protein
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growth/size/body
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• under normal physiological conditions, males (but not females) show a slightly reduced body weight gain relative to wild-type controls
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• following continuous exposure to 1.5% DSS in drinking water, mice show a significant body weight loss after 5 days whereas wild-type controls exhibit no weight loss even after 7 days of DSS treatment
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cellular
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• under normal physiological conditions, some enlarged goblet cells are found in the ileum but not in the colon
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behavior/neurological
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• after 3 days of exposure to DSS, mice consume less DSS-water than wild-type controls
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