Analysis Tools
reproductive system
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• sperm show higher rates of malformed heads
• percentage of normal headed sperm is increased after Huangjing Zanyu treatment
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• decrease in sperm motility
• sperm motility is improved after Huangjing Zanyu treatment
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• males exhibit delayed reproductive age by about 28-30 days; while wild-type males take 29 days before wild-type females give first births after cohabiting, heterozygous mutant males take on average 58 days before heterozygous or homozygous females give their first births
• male mice fed Huangjiug Zanyu, a traditional Chinese medication, from 4 to 5 weeks of age until the time when the cohabited females first give birth, take an average of 33 days to the first births after cohabiting with females compared to heterozygous controls that take an average of 58 days
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cellular
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• sperm show higher rates of malformed heads
• percentage of normal headed sperm is increased after Huangjing Zanyu treatment
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• decrease in sperm motility
• sperm motility is improved after Huangjing Zanyu treatment
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behavior/neurological
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• females cohabiting with heterozygous males exhibit repeated offspring consumption and other aggressive parental behaviors, resulting in difficulties obtaining live litters
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