mortality/aging
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• mice with doxycycline-induced ectopic Oct4 expression become morbid after 3-5 days of treatment and usually die after 5-10 days of treatment
• however, if doxycycline treatment is stopped after 5 days mice completely recover
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digestive/alimentary system
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• after doxycline treatment, dysplastic cells are found in the entire epithelium; cells have structural and cytological dysplasia which mimics adenocarcinoma
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• the proximal part of the small intestine is most severely affected by doxycycline treatment with abnormal cells often almost obstructing the lumen
• after 5 days of doxycycline treatment, proliferative zone expands; postmitotic, differentiated cells lining the villus are replaced
• upon cessation of treatment, cells migrate to final destinations and differentiate resulting in restoration of normal morphology
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• in doxycycline treated mice, cells in the forestomach show a marked atypia and increased mitotic activity
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• pyloric mucosa contains lesions resembling high grade-dysplasia in doxycycline treated mice
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• hyperplastic fundic glands are seen in doxycycline treated mice
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• in doxycycline treated mice, forestomach epithelium is thickened and stomach shows lack of differentiation into granular and cornified cell layers compared to control mice
• the thickened epithelium consists of atypical cells with enlarged nuclei and prominent nucleoli
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• after doxycycline treatment, mice display severe dysplasia and increased proliferation
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• cells show atypia and increased mitotic activity throughout the squamous epithelial layer in doxycycline treated mice
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homeostasis/metabolism
cellular
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• abnormal cell proliferation is observed in several organs after 2 days of Oct4-induction
• however, complete reversion is seen with withdrawal of doxycycline treatment
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behavior/neurological
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• animals become lethargic with doxycycline treatment within 3-5 days
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hematopoietic system
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• atrophy and absence of CD4, CD8 double positive cells in doxycycline treated mice
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• in doxycycline treated mice
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immune system
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• atrophy and absence of CD4, CD8 double positive cells in doxycycline treated mice
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• in doxycycline treated mice
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neoplasm
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• in doxycycline treated mice, tumors originating from the outer-root-sheath progenitors and invading the subcutaneous layer are seen
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integument
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• increased numbers of immature cells in the hair follicles of the skin are seen after 5-10 days of doxycycline
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• after 5-10 days of doxycycline treatment, mice show mild to moderate epidermal dysplasia with a decrease in differentiation in dysplastic cells
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• in doxycycline treated mice, tumors originating from the outer-root-sheath progenitors and invading the subcutaneous layer are seen
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endocrine/exocrine glands
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• hyperplastic fundic glands are seen in doxycycline treated mice
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• atrophy and absence of CD4, CD8 double positive cells in doxycycline treated mice
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