Analysis Tools
digestive/alimentary system
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• at 2 years of age, 4 of 15 male mice (26.7%) and 10 of 21 female mice (47.6%) exhibit hyperplasia of Brunners glands
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• at 2 years of age, 4 of 15 male mice (26.7%) and 10 of 21 female mice (47.6%) show hyperplasia of the duodenal crypt epithelium
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• at 2 years of age, diffuse hyperplasia of Brunners glands and duodenal crypt epithelium result in markedly increased duodenal mucosal thickness
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• at 2 years of age, ~39% of mice show proliferative lesions in the duodenum, esp. around Vaters papilla; changes include diffuse epithelial hyperplasia, altered epithelial differentiation, eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusions, and herniation/diverticulation of the epithelium into the tunica muscularis and serosa
• proliferative lesions are often associated with chronic granulomatous inflammation and are similar to duodenal plaques derived from the crypts of Lieberkuhn (avillous hyperplasia, duodenum polyp)
• although most lesions represent benign hyperplastic lesions, some may develop into pre-malignant neoplastic lesions
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• at 2 years of age, 1 of 21 female mice exhibit a duodenal adenoma of relatively small size
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endocrine/exocrine glands
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• at 2 years of age, 4 of 15 male mice (26.7%) and 10 of 21 female mice (47.6%) exhibit hyperplasia of Brunners glands
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• at 2 years of age, 4 of 15 male mice (26.7%) and 10 of 21 female mice (47.6%) show hyperplasia of the duodenal crypt epithelium
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neoplasm
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• at 2 years of age, mice exhibit no neoplastic changes in the gallbladder, parathyroid, thymus, ileum, cecum, colon, pancreas, brain, eye, urinary bladder, testis, epididymis, prostate, seminal vesicle, oviduct, vagina or mammary gland
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• at 2 years of age, 1 of 21 female mice exhibit a duodenal adenoma of relatively small size
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• at 2 years of age, 33.3% (5 of 15) of male and 14.3% (3 of 21) of female mice exhibit masses or nodules in the tail
• osteogenic tumors are not detected in any other site besides the tail
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• at 2 years of age, 1 of 5 male mice and 1 of 3 female mice exhibit osteosarcoma in the tail
• osteosarcoma is characterized by proliferating spindle tumor cells, associated with presence of irregular, infiltrating trabecular bone
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• at 2 years of age, 3 of 5 male mice exhibit osteoma in the tail
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limbs/digits/tail
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• at 2 years of age, 1 of 3 female mice show chondro-osseous metaplasia in the tail
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vision/eye
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• mice with cataracts show vacuolar formation in most lens fibers
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• mice with cataracts show lens epithelia with bizarre nuclei
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• mice with cataracts show vacuolar formation in most lens fibers and irregular proliferation of lens fiber spindle cells, followed by calcification
• single cell necrosis is observed in proliferative fiber cells
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• at 2 years of age, all mice (13 of 13 male and 21 of 21 female) exhibit mature type cataracts characterized by degeneration/necrosis (liquefaction) and vacuolar formation in lens fibers
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renal/urinary system
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• 3 of 15 male and 4 of 20 female mice exhibit glomerular hypercellularity, consistent with proliferation of mesangial cells
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• at 2 years of age, nearly all mice exhibit a spectrum of renal lesions with glomerular changes, basophilic tubules, and mononuclear cell infiltration
• 15 of 15 male and 17 of 20 female show glomerular hyalinization with basement membrane thickening
• in mild cases, eosinophilic material is observed in glomerular basement membranes; in severe cases, densely eosinophilic and amorphous deposits are observed in glomeruli
• 13 of 15 male and 16 of 20 female mice exhibit basophilic tubules in the cortex
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skeleton
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• at 2 years of age, 33.3% (5 of 15) of male and 14.3% (3 of 21) of female mice exhibit masses or nodules in the tail
• osteogenic tumors are not detected in any other site besides the tail
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• at 2 years of age, 1 of 5 male mice and 1 of 3 female mice exhibit osteosarcoma in the tail
• osteosarcoma is characterized by proliferating spindle tumor cells, associated with presence of irregular, infiltrating trabecular bone
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• at 2 years of age, 3 of 5 male mice exhibit osteoma in the tail
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immune system
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• at 2 years of age, nearly all mice exhibit a spectrum of renal lesions with glomerular changes, basophilic tubules, and mononuclear cell infiltration
• 15 of 15 male and 17 of 20 female show glomerular hyalinization with basement membrane thickening
• in mild cases, eosinophilic material is observed in glomerular basement membranes; in severe cases, densely eosinophilic and amorphous deposits are observed in glomeruli
• 13 of 15 male and 16 of 20 female mice exhibit basophilic tubules in the cortex
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cellular
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• 3 of 15 male and 4 of 20 female mice exhibit glomerular hypercellularity, consistent with proliferation of mesangial cells
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