Analysis Tools
cellular
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• at E16.5 abnormal mitochondria are seen in myocardial cells
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• at E16.5 apoptotic myocardial cells are seen
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mortality/aging
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• most homozygotes die before birth starting around E17.5
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• rarely homozygotes are born alive and die shortly after birth
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cardiovascular system
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• at E16.5 but not E15.5 fewer myocardial cells with increased intercellular spaces, fewer myofibrils, and no detectable Z bands are seen
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• at E16.5 abnormal mitochondria are seen in myocardial cells
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• at E16.5 but not E15.5
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• at E17.5 the atria are smaller than normal
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• the left ventricular septal wall is thicker than normal
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• mutant hearts are longitudinally shorter and laterally wider
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• the left ventricular wall is thicker than normal and increased expression of markers of adult cardiac hypertrophy are seen
• the left ventricular cavity is smaller than normal
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• at E16.5 apoptotic myocardial cells are seen
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