cardiovascular system
• non-sustained with programmed electrical stimulation
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• in the absence of isoproterenol and when regularly paced, mice exhibit few arrhythmogenic phenomena compared with wild-type mice
• when regularly paced, isoproterenol treated mice exhibit exacerbation of arrhythmogenicity compared with wild-type mice
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• cardiac myocytes treated with isoproterenol fail to exhibit ectopic calcium transient peaks or evoked responses with subsidiary calcium transient events unlike wild-type cells
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