Analysis Tools
behavior/neurological
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• females exhibit more distressed behaviors in the open field such as increased dropping and urination compared to wild-type mice
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• mice show anhedonia in the sucrose-preference test when short- or long-lasting stress protocols are applied prior to the test
• however, unstressed mice exhibit normal sucrose-preference
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• in the tail suspension test, mice exhibit a stress-induced depression-like phenotype, displaying increased immobility, reduced mobility, reduced movement, and fewer rotations than wild-type mice
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• females display increased grooming compared to wild-type mice
• treatment of females with Depoprovera reduces the excessive grooming behavior
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• females exhibit increased marble-burying behavior
• treatment of females with amantadine or memantine or Depoprovera rescues the increased marble-burying behavior
• however, mice exhibit normal behavior in the elevated plus maze indicting no anxiety
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• both males and females show increased responsivity to aversive acoustic stimuli
• mice administered the weak NMDA type glutamate receptor antagonist amantadine show rescue of the increased acoustic startle reflex
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• females spend less time on the accelerated rotarod indicating decreased endurance, learning and coordination
• however, grip strength is normal
• treatment of female mice with Depoprovera, a progestin-only contraceptive, rescues rotarod behaviors seen in females
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• females exhibit hypolocomotion as they travel a shorter distance and move more slowly than wild-type females
• treatment of female mice with Depoprovera, a progestin-only contraceptive, rescues the open field behaviors seen in females
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• in the three-chamber sociability test, mice show reduced sociability and spend comparable amounts of time in both chambers and comparable sniffing times to the stranger mouse and the empty cage and have the same number of entries into both chambers
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• in the tail suspension test, about 50% of mice emit audible squeaks compared to about 14% of wild-type mice
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growth/size/body
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• males gain more weight over a period of 4 months than wild-type males
• however, females show normal body weight progression
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homeostasis/metabolism
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• females exhibit elevated glutamate levels in the cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum
• treatment of females with Depoprovera reduces glutamate levels to wild-type levels
• mice show normal levels of dopamine, noradrenaline, serotonin and GABA in frontal and occipital cortex, striatum, hippocampus, brain stem, and cerebellum
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nervous system
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• recovery phase after cortical spreading depression is prolonged in males
• however, cerebral blood flow is similar to wild-type after cortical spreading depression induction
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Mouse Models of Human Disease |
DO ID | OMIM ID(s) | Ref(s) | |
| familial hemiplegic migraine 2 | DOID:0111182 |
OMIM:602481 |
J:259556 | |
