growth/size/body
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• mutants can not keep pace with wild-type littermates in growth; nulls weigh significantly less than wild-type controls
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behavior/neurological
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• nulls drink more water than wild-type
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• nulls eat significantly more than wild-type
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digestive/alimentary system
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• stool frequency in mutants is significantly greater than in wild-type
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• fast rate of GI transit prevents complete digestion or absorption of food
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• mean transit time through the bowel is significantly faster in homozygotes compared to wild-type
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• transit time required to expel a glass bead inserted into the rectum a distance ot 2 cm is significantly less in homozygotes compared to wild-type
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Analysis Tools