Phenotypes associated with this allele

• Allele Symbol: hug
• Allele Name: hugger
• Allele ID: MGI:1856910
• Summary: 1 genotype

Jump to	Allelic Composition	Genetic Background	Genotype ID
hm1	hug/hug	B6.Cg-hug	MGI:3707327

Genotype
MGI:3707327

hm1

• Allelic Composition: hug/hug
• Genetic Background: B6.Cg-hug

• ♀: phenotype observed in females
• ♂: phenotype observed in males
• N: normal phenotype

paraffin-embedded retina section of 18 day old +/hug and hug/hug mouse

behavior/neurological

abnormal posture ( J:14142 )

• posture of older mutants is different from controls, with the body low to the ground and hind limbs widely placed

abnormal gait ( J:14142 )

• very high stepping gait that is recognizable by 21 days of age

• during locomotion, the raised hind limb is drawn close to the body and the pelvis is rotated, so as to move the raised foot further from the ground, and the other hind limb is extended; this is reminiscent of the contralateral (or crossed) extension reflex

vision/eye

abnormal retina morphology ( J:14142 , J:40666 )

• neural retina is malformed (J:14142)

abnormal retina neuronal layer morphology ( J:40666 )

• by P18, observe obvious disruption of the inner retinal layers with reduced number of neurons in all three cellular layers of the retina

abnormal retina rod cell outer segment morphology ( J:40666 )

• rod photoreceptors develop only rudimentary outer segments and by 9 months of age, about 75% of photoreceptor cells are completely gone

retina photoreceptor degeneration ( J:40666 )

• slow degeneration of photoreceptors

abnormal retina inner nuclear layer morphology ( J:40666 )

• inner nuclear layer boundary with the inner plexiform layer is scalloped rather than straight

• by birth, some retinal ganglion cells lie in abnormal positions in the inner plexiform and inner nuclear layers

thin retina inner nuclear layer ( J:40666 )

• inner nuclear layer is less than half the normal width at P18

abnormal retina inner plexiform layer morphology ( J:40666 )

• by birth, some retinal ganglion cells lie in abnormal positions in the inner plexiform and inner nuclear layers

• ganglion cell axons form fascicles within the inner plexiform layer, rather than lying on the vitreal surface of the retina as in controls

• most ganglion cell bodies are displaced to the outer part of the inner plexiform layer

thin retina outer nuclear layer ( J:40666 )

• photoreceptor cell nuclei in the outer nuclear layer are reduced from 11-12 rows to 3-4 rows

decreased total retina thickness ( J:40666 )

• the thickness of the retina is reduced to about 2/3 that of normal

reproductive system

reduced fertility ( J:14142 )

• males and females occasionally breed

nervous system

abnormal retina rod cell outer segment morphology ( J:40666 )

• rod photoreceptors develop only rudimentary outer segments and by 9 months of age, about 75% of photoreceptor cells are completely gone

retina photoreceptor degeneration ( J:40666 )

• slow degeneration of photoreceptors