Genes in MGI are annotated using GO terms. Several of the MGI query forms (Genes and Markers Query Form, Linkage Map Query Form, Gene Expression Data Query Form, cDNA Clone Query Form), provide a Gene Ontology Classifications (GO) search field where you can enter a GO term or phrase for searching. Once you submit the query, the system checks the ontologies to be examined. To improve and refine your searches, you should become familiar with the available terms in the ontologies (see the Molecular Function, Cellular Component, and Biological Process links).

• You can search by entering all or a portion of a single GO vocabulary entry. Often, GO entries are phrases containing several words. The default text operator is CONTAINS. If you enter a few characters of a GO term, the search finds any gene records having gene classifications that include the specified characters (and belong to the checked categories).


• You can also use the logical operator AND between GO terms within the Gene Classifications search field. A search of term1 AND term2 returns the set of markers that are annotated to both term1 and term2. For example, the search string nucleus AND kinase returns all markers whose products are a kinase AND are found in the nucleus.


• You can browse the GO classifications, copy an entry, and paste it into the Gene Ontology Classifications (GO) field.


• You can restrict your search to markers with attributes in only one or two of the three categories (the same term can occur in two or three GO categories).


• Please note that the GO vocabularies are hierarchical. Consequently, a search returns gene records annotated to terms that match your query and to records annotated to more detailed terms related to your query (but not necessarily containing the text you entered). For example, if you search the GO Browser and for either trypsin activity or this term's GO ID (GO:0004295), the result is approximately 44 genes and 44 annotations. However, if you enter serine-type endopeptidase (or GO:0004252), the result is much larger (approximately 191 genes and 330 annotations) because the subterm trypsin is included in the results.

Each gene returned by the query is linked to a marker detail page with the associated ontology, GO term, evidence statement, and publication from which the annotation was discerned.

MGI queries return information about mouse genes. To access the GO annotations for many organisms, use the AmiGO browser.