Go Annotations as Summary Text (Tabular View) (GO Graph)

GO curators for mouse genes have assigned the following annotations to the gene product of Enpp1. (This text reflects annotations as of Wednesday, January 23, 2013.)

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Summary from NCBI RefSeq

[Summary is not available for the mouse gene. This summary is for the human ortholog.] This gene is a member of the ecto-nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase (ENPP) family. The encoded protein is a type II transmembrane glycoprotein comprising two identical disulfide-bonded subunits. This protein has broad specificity and cleaves a variety of substrates, including phosphodiester bonds of nucleotides and nucleotide sugars and pyrophosphate bonds of nucleotides and nucleotide sugars. This protein may function to hydrolyze nucleoside 5' triphosphates to their corresponding monophosphates and may also hydrolyze diadenosine polyphosphates. Mutations in this gene have been associated with 'idiopathic' infantile arterial calcification, ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament of the spine (OPLL), and insulin resistance. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

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Summary text based on GO annotations supported by experimental evidence in mouse

• Researchers have inferred from direct assay, that the gene product of Enpp1
  • is located in the following cellular components:
    • cell surface ^[1]
    • extracellular space ^[1]
• Researchers have inferred, based on phenotypic analysis of mouse mutants, that the gene product of Enpp1
  • participates in the following biological processes:
    • bone remodeling ^[4]
    • negative regulation of fat cell differentiation ^[2]
    • negative regulation of ossification ^[3]

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Summary text based on GO annotations supported by experimental evidence in other organisms

• From comparative sequence analysis (see table for details), MGI curators have determined that the gene product of Enpp1:
  • participates in the following biological processes:
    • 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate metabolic process
    • cellular phosphate ion homeostasis
    • cellular response to insulin stimulus
    • generation of precursor metabolites and energy
    • inorganic diphosphate transport
    • negative regulation of cell growth
    • negative regulation of fat cell differentiation
    • negative regulation of glucose import
    • negative regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process
    • negative regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway
    • negative regulation of protein autophosphorylation
    • nucleoside triphosphate catabolic process
    • phosphate-containing compound metabolic process
    • sequestering of triglyceride
  • performs the following molecular functions:
    • ATP binding
    • insulin receptor binding
    • nucleoside-triphosphate diphosphatase activity
    • nucleotide diphosphatase activity
    • protein homodimerization activity
  • is located in the following cellular components:
    • cell surface
    • extracellular space
    • plasma membrane

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Summary text based on GO annotations supported by structural data

• Enpp1 encodes a protein or proteins that contain the following InterPro domains: Alkaline phosphatase-like, alpha/beta/alpha, Alkaline-phosphatase-like, core domain, DNA/RNA non-specific endonuclease, Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family, Extracellular Endonuclease, subunit A, Somatomedin B domain, Somatomedin B, chordata, Type I phosphodiesterase/nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphate transferase, indicating that the gene product:
  • participates in the following biological processes:
    • immune response
    • metabolic process
  • performs the following molecular functions:
    • catalytic activity
    • hydrolase activity
    • metal ion binding
    • nucleic acid binding
    • polysaccharide binding
    • scavenger receptor activity

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Summary text for additional MGI annotations

• Automated translation to GO terms of SwissProt keywords that describe Enpp1 indicates that it:
  • participates in the following biological processes:
    • biomineral tissue development
    • metabolic process
  • performs the following molecular functions:
    • catalytic activity
    • hydrolase activity
    • metal ion binding
  • is located in the following cellular components:
    • integral to membrane
    • membrane
• Enpp1 has been associated with the Enzyme Commission numbers: 3.1.4.1, 3.6.1.9, which implies that the gene product:
  • performs the following molecular functions:
    • NADH pyrophosphatase activity
    • phosphodiesterase I activity

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References

1. Belli SI et al. (1993) Identification and characterization of a soluble form of the plasma cell membrane glycoprotein PC-1 (5'-nucleotide phosphodiesterase). Eur J Biochem, 217:421-8. (PubMed:8223581)
2. Liang J et al. (2007) Role of ENPP1 on adipocyte maturation. PLoS ONE, 2:e882. (PubMed:17849011)
3. Okawa A et al. (1998) Mutation in Npps in a mouse model of ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament of the spine. Nat Genet, 19:271-3. (PubMed:9662402)
4. Okawa A et al. (1999) Calcitonin simultaneously regulates both periosteal hyperostosis and trabecular osteopenia in the spinal hyperostotic mouse (twy/twy) in vivo. Calcif Tissue Int, 64:239-47. (PubMed:10024383)

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Gene Ontology Evidence Code Abbreviations:

EXP Inferred from experiment

IC Inferred by curator

IDA Inferred from direct assay

IEA Inferred from electronic annotation

IGI Inferred from genetic interaction

IMP Inferred from mutant phenotype

IPI Inferred from physical interaction

ISS Inferred from sequence or structural similarity

ISO Inferred from sequence orthology

ISA Inferred from sequence alignment

ISM Inferred from sequence model

NAS Non-traceable author statement

ND No biological data available

RCA Reviewed computational analysis

TAS Traceable author statement

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