Go Annotations as Summary Text (Tabular View) (GO Graph)

GO curators for mouse genes have assigned the following annotations to the gene product of Adrb2. (This text reflects annotations as of Tuesday, May 21, 2013.) MGI curation of this mouse gene is considered complete, including annotations derived from the biomedical literature as of December 28, 2005. If you know of any additional information regarding this mouse gene please let us know. Please supply mouse gene symbol and a PubMed ID.

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Summary from NCBI RefSeq

This intronless gene belongs to the G-protein-coupled receptor superfamily, which includes transmembrane proteins that play a role in signal transduction across biological membranes resulting in a variety of physiological responses. The encoded protein is a beta-2 adrenergic receptor which is activated by catecholamine ligands such as adrenaline and epinephrine. The protein participates in the classical signaling pathway involving G protein, adenylyl cyclase, cAMP (3'-5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate) and protein kinase A (PKA). In humans, this gene is implicated in susceptibility to nocturnal asthma, obesity and type 2 diabetes. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2013]

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Summary text based on GO annotations supported by experimental evidence in mouse

• Researchers have inferred from direct assay, that the gene product of Adrb2
  • participates in the following biological processes:
    • adenylate cyclase-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway ^{[1, 14]}
    • adrenergic receptor signaling pathway ^{[1, 7, 12, 14, 16, 17]}
  • performs the following molecular functions:
    • adenylate cyclase binding ^[11]
    • beta2-adrenergic receptor activity ^{[1, 7, 12, 14, 16, 17]}
  • is located in the following cellular components:
    • apical plasma membrane ^[8]
    • membrane ^{[1, 12]}
    • nucleus ^[5]
• Researchers have inferred, based on phenotypic analysis of mouse mutants, that the gene product of Adrb2
  • participates in the following biological processes:
    • adenylate cyclase-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway ^[6]
    • bone resorption ^[6]
    • positive regulation of bone mineralization ^[6]
    • regulation of sodium ion transport ^[15]
    • regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by norepinephrine-epinephrine ^[4]
    • vasodilation by norepinephrine-epinephrine involved in regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure ^[18]
• Researchers have inferred, based on genetic interactions, that the gene product of Adrb2
  • participates in the following biological processes:
    • brown fat cell differentiation based on interactions with Adrb1, Adrb3 ^[9]
    • diet induced thermogenesis based on interactions with Adrb1, Adrb3 ^[2]
    • heat generation based on interactions with Adrb1, Adrb3 ^[2]
    • negative regulation of multicellular organism growth based on interactions with Adrb1, Adrb3 ^[9]
    • negative regulation of smooth muscle contraction based on interactions with Chrm3, Tbxa2r ^[13]
    • positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter based on interactions with Atf4 ^[6]
    • response to cold based on interactions with Adrb1, Adrb3 ^{[2, 9]}
    • vasodilation by norepinephrine-epinephrine involved in regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure based on interactions with Adrb1 ^{[3, 18]}

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Summary text based on GO annotations supported by experimental evidence in other organisms

• From comparative sequence analysis (see table for details), MGI curators have determined that the gene product of Adrb2:
  • participates in the following biological processes:
    • activation of adenylate cyclase activity
    • adenylate cyclase-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
    • adrenergic receptor signaling pathway
    • desensitization of G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway by arrestin
    • diaphragm contraction
    • G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
    • negative regulation of angiogenesis
    • negative regulation of inflammatory response
    • negative regulation of ossification
    • negative regulation of urine volume
    • positive regulation of apoptotic process
    • positive regulation of cell proliferation
    • positive regulation of heart contraction
    • positive regulation of MAPK cascade
    • positive regulation of potassium ion transport
    • positive regulation of protein ubiquitination
    • positive regulation of skeletal muscle tissue growth
    • positive regulation of sodium ion transport
    • positive regulation of the force of heart contraction by epinephrine
    • positive regulation of vasodilation
    • receptor-mediated endocytosis
    • regulation of calcium ion transport
    • regulation of excitatory postsynaptic membrane potential
    • regulation of sensory perception of pain
    • synaptic transmission, glutamatergic
    • vasodilation by norepinephrine-epinephrine involved in regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure
    • wound healing
  • performs the following molecular functions:
    • beta2-adrenergic receptor activity
    • dopamine binding
    • drug binding
    • epinephrine binding
    • G-protein alpha-subunit binding
    • ionotropic glutamate receptor binding
    • norepinephrine binding
    • potassium channel regulator activity
    • protein complex binding
    • protein homodimerization activity
  • is located in the following cellular components:
    • axon
    • caveola
    • cytoplasm
    • dendrite
    • dendritic spine
    • endosome
    • integral to plasma membrane
    • intracellular membrane-bounded organelle
    • intracellular part
    • membrane
    • neuronal cell body membrane
    • nucleus
    • plasma membrane
    • receptor complex
    • sarcolemma

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Summary text based on GO annotations supported by structural data

• Adrb2 encodes a protein or proteins that contain the following InterPro domains: Adrenergic receptor, Adrenergic receptor beta 2, G protein-coupled receptor, rhodopsin-like, GPCR, rhodopsin-like, 7TM, indicating that the gene product:
  • participates in the following biological processes:
    • activation of MAPKKK activity
    • elevation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration
    • positive regulation of cAMP biosynthetic process
    • positive regulation of inositol phosphate biosynthetic process
    • regulation of cardiac muscle contraction
    • regulation of muscle contraction
    • regulation of smooth muscle contraction
    • regulation of vasoconstriction
    • regulation of vasodilation
  • performs the following molecular functions:
    • adrenergic receptor activity
    • catecholamine binding
    • G-protein coupled receptor activity
    • hormone binding
  • is located in the following cellular components:
    • integral to membrane

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Summary text for additional MGI annotations

• Automated translation to GO terms of SwissProt keywords that describe Adrb2 indicates that it:
  • participates in the following biological processes:
    • signal transduction
  • performs the following molecular functions:
    • G-protein coupled receptor activity
    • signal transducer activity
  • is located in the following cellular components:
    • integral to membrane

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References

1. Allen JM et al. (1988) Isoproterenol response following transfection of the mouse beta 2-adrenergic receptor gene into Y1 cells. EMBO J, 7:133-8. (PubMed:2834198)
2. Bachman ES et al. (2002) betaAR signaling required for diet-induced thermogenesis and obesity resistance. Science, 297:843-5. (PubMed:12161655)
3. Chruscinski A et al. (2001) Differential distribution of beta-adrenergic receptor subtypes in blood vessels of knockout mice lacking beta(1)- or beta(2)-adrenergic receptors. Mol Pharmacol, 60:955-62. (PubMed:11641423)
4. Chruscinski AJ et al. (1999) Targeted disruption of the beta2 adrenergic receptor gene. J Biol Chem, 274:16694-700. (PubMed:10358008)
5. Cikos S et al. (2005) Expression of beta adrenergic receptors in mouse oocytes and preimplantation embryos. Mol Reprod Dev, 71:145-53. (PubMed:15791602)
6. Elefteriou F et al. (2005) Leptin regulation of bone resorption by the sympathetic nervous system and CART. Nature, 434:514-20. (PubMed:15724149)
7. Hadri KE et al. (1997) Differential regulation by tumor necrosis factor-alpha of beta1-, beta2-, and beta3-adrenoreceptor gene expression in 3T3-F442A adipocytes. J Biol Chem, 272:24514-21. (PubMed:9305915)
8. Huang T et al. (2003) Foxj1 is required for apical localization of ezrin in airway epithelial cells. J Cell Sci, 116:4935-45. (PubMed:14625387)
9. Jimenez M et al. (2002) beta(1)/beta(2)/beta(3)-adrenoceptor knockout mice are obese and cold-sensitive but have normal lipolytic responses to fasting. FEBS Lett, 530:37. (PubMed:12387862)
10. Klein U et al. (1997) A novel interaction between adrenergic receptors and the alpha-subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2B. J Biol Chem, 272:19099-102. (PubMed:9235896)
11. Lavine N et al. (2002) G protein-coupled receptors form stable complexes with inwardly rectifying potassium channels and adenylyl cyclase. J Biol Chem, 277:46010-9. (PubMed:12297500)
12. Markovac J et al. (1983) Genetic variation in beta-adrenergic receptors in mice: a magnesium effect determined by a single gene. Genet Res, 42:159-68. (PubMed:6321299)
13. McGraw DW et al. (2003) Antithetic regulation by beta-adrenergic receptors of Gq receptor signaling via phospholipase C underlies the airway beta-agonist paradox. J Clin Invest, 112:619-26. (PubMed:12925702)
14. McGraw DW et al. (2001) Targeted transgenic expression of beta(2)-adrenergic receptors to type II cells increases alveolar fluid clearance. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, 281:L895-903. (PubMed:11557593)
15. Mutlu GM et al. (2004) Upregulation of alveolar epithelial active Na+ transport is dependent on beta2-adrenergic receptor signaling. Circ Res, 94:1091-100. (PubMed:15016730)
16. Rohlfs EM et al. (1995) Regulation of the uncoupling protein gene (Ucp) by beta 1, beta 2, and beta 3-adrenergic receptor subtypes in immortalized brown adipose cell lines. J Biol Chem, 270:10723-32. (PubMed:7738011)
17. Rohrer DK et al. (1996) Targeted disruption of the mouse beta1-adrenergic receptor gene: developmental and cardiovascular effects. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 93:7375-80. (PubMed:8693001)
18. Rohrer DK et al. (1999) Cardiovascular and metabolic alterations in mice lacking both beta1- and beta2-adrenergic receptors. J Biol Chem, 274:16701-8. (PubMed:10358009)

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Gene Ontology Evidence Code Abbreviations:

EXP Inferred from experiment

IC Inferred by curator

IDA Inferred from direct assay

IEA Inferred from electronic annotation

IGI Inferred from genetic interaction

IMP Inferred from mutant phenotype

IPI Inferred from physical interaction

ISS Inferred from sequence or structural similarity

ISO Inferred from sequence orthology

ISA Inferred from sequence alignment

ISM Inferred from sequence model

NAS Non-traceable author statement

ND No biological data available

RCA Reviewed computational analysis

TAS Traceable author statement

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