Go Annotations as Summary Text (Tabular View) (GO Graph)

GO curators for mouse genes have assigned the following annotations to the gene product of Smad9. (This text reflects annotations as of Wednesday, January 23, 2013.)

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Summary from NCBI RefSeq

[Summary is not available for the mouse gene. This summary is for the human ortholog.] The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the SMAD family, which transduces signals from TGF-beta family members. The encoded protein is activated by bone morphogenetic proteins and interacts with SMAD4. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.[provided by RefSeq, Jan 2010]

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Summary text based on GO annotations supported by experimental evidence in mouse

• Researchers have inferred from direct assay, that the gene product of Smad9
  • participates in the following biological processes:
    • BMP signaling pathway ^[2]
    • cellular response to organic cyclic compound ^[8]
    • protein phosphorylation ^[1]
  • is located in the following cellular components:
    • cytoplasm ^[8]
    • nucleus ^{[1, 4, 8]}
• The gene product of Smad9 has been shown to bind to the gene products of Btg2. ^{[5, 7]}
• Researchers have inferred, based on phenotypic analysis of mouse mutants, that the gene product of Smad9
  • participates in the following biological processes:
    • hindbrain development ^[3]
    • midbrain development ^[3]
• Researchers have inferred, based on genetic interactions, that the gene product of Smad9
  • participates in the following biological processes:
    • BMP signaling pathway based on interactions with Smad1, Smad5 ^[6]
    • bone development based on interactions with Smad1, Smad5 ^[6]
    • cartilage development based on interactions with Smad1, Smad5 ^[6]

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Summary text based on GO annotations supported by experimental evidence in other organisms

• From comparative sequence analysis (see table for details), MGI curators have determined that the gene product of Smad9:
  • participates in the following biological processes:
    • Mullerian duct regression
    • positive regulation of cell differentiation
    • positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent

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Summary text based on GO annotations supported by structural data

• Smad9 encodes a protein or proteins that contain the following InterPro domains: Dwarfin, MAD homology 1, Dwarfin-type, MAD homology, MH1, SMAD domain, Dwarfin-type, SMAD domain-like, SMAD/FHA domain, indicating that the gene product:
  • participates in the following biological processes:
    • regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent
    • transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway
  • performs the following molecular functions:
    • sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity
  • is located in the following cellular components:
    • intracellular
    • transcription factor complex

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Summary text for additional MGI annotations

• Automated translation to GO terms of SwissProt keywords that describe Smad9 indicates that it:
  • participates in the following biological processes:
    • regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent
    • transcription, DNA-dependent

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References

1. Caubit X et al. (2008) Teashirt 3 is necessary for ureteral smooth muscle differentiation downstream of SHH and BMP4. Development, 135:3301-10. (PubMed:18776146)
2. Cho A et al. (2008) FKBP8 cell-autonomously controls neural tube patterning through a Gli2- and Kif3a-dependent mechanism. Dev Biol, 321:27-39. (PubMed:18590716)
3. Hester M et al. (2005) Smad1 and Smad8 function similarly in mammalian central nervous system development. Mol Cell Biol, 25:4683-92. (PubMed:15899870)
4. Morikawa Y et al. (2009) BMP signaling regulates sympathetic nervous system development through Smad4-dependent and -independent pathways. Development, 136:3575-84. (PubMed:19793887)
5. Park S et al. (2004) B-cell translocation gene 2 (Btg2) regulates vertebral patterning by modulating bone morphogenetic protein/smad signaling. Mol Cell Biol, 24:10256-62. (PubMed:15542835)
6. Retting KN et al. (2009) BMP canonical Smad signaling through Smad1 and Smad5 is required for endochondral bone formation. Development, 136:1093-104. (PubMed:19224984)
7. Yoshida Y et al. (2000) Negative regulation of BMP/Smad signaling by Tob in osteoblasts. Cell, 103:1085-97. (PubMed:11163184)
8. Zhao M et al. (2009) Inhibition of microtubule assembly in osteoblasts stimulates bone morphogenetic protein 2 expression and bone formation through transcription factor Gli2. Mol Cell Biol, 29:1291-305. (PubMed:19103752)

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Gene Ontology Evidence Code Abbreviations:

EXP Inferred from experiment

IC Inferred by curator

IDA Inferred from direct assay

IEA Inferred from electronic annotation

IGI Inferred from genetic interaction

IMP Inferred from mutant phenotype

IPI Inferred from physical interaction

ISS Inferred from sequence or structural similarity

ISO Inferred from sequence orthology

ISA Inferred from sequence alignment

ISM Inferred from sequence model

NAS Non-traceable author statement

ND No biological data available

RCA Reviewed computational analysis

TAS Traceable author statement

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