Go Annotations as Summary Text (Tabular View) (GO Graph)

GO curators for mouse genes have assigned the following annotations to the gene product of Tnf. (This text reflects annotations as of Wednesday, January 23, 2013.)

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Summary from NCBI RefSeq

[Summary is not available for the mouse gene. This summary is for the human ortholog.] This gene encodes a multifunctional proinflammatory cytokine that belongs to the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily. This cytokine is mainly secreted by macrophages. It can bind to, and thus functions through its receptors TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR. This cytokine is involved in the regulation of a wide spectrum of biological processes including cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, lipid metabolism, and coagulation. This cytokine has been implicated in a variety of diseases, including autoimmune diseases, insulin resistance, and cancer. Knockout studies in mice also suggested the neuroprotective function of this cytokine. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

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Summary text based on GO annotations supported by experimental evidence in mouse

• Researchers have inferred from direct assay, that the gene product of Tnf
  • participates in the following biological processes:
    • apoptotic signaling pathway ^[25]
    • cellular extravasation ^[13]
    • cellular response to amino acid stimulus ^[42]
    • defense response to bacterium ^[18]
    • epithelial cell proliferation involved in salivary gland morphogenesis ^[37]
    • extracellular matrix organization ^[27]
    • glucose metabolic process ^[34]
    • induction of apoptosis ^[16]
    • leukocyte migration ^[59]
    • negative regulation of alkaline phosphatase activity ^[53]
    • negative regulation of glucose import ^[34]
    • negative regulation of osteoblast differentiation ^[53]
    • negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter ^{[21, 53]}
    • positive regulation of fever generation ^[22]
    • positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade ^{[14, 45]}
    • positive regulation of interleukin-6 production ^[30]
    • positive regulation of JNK cascade ^{[45, 46]}
    • positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling cascade ^[46]
    • positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter ^{[15, 21, 58]}
    • positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent ^[1]
    • positive regulation of translational initiation by iron ^[5]
    • regulation of branching involved in salivary gland morphogenesis ^[37]
    • regulation of cell proliferation ^[7]
    • regulation of immunoglobulin secretion ^[24]
    • regulation of osteoclast differentiation ^[52]
    • regulation of protein phosphorylation ^[54]
    • regulation of protein secretion ^[17]
    • tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway ^[41]
  • performs the following molecular functions:
    • cytokine activity ^{[5, 30]}
    • tumor necrosis factor receptor binding ^[5]
  • is located in the following cellular components:
    • external side of plasma membrane ^{[10, 38]}
    • extracellular space ^{[2, 4, 8, 11, 18, 23, 28, 29, 30, 32, 33, 39, 44, 48, 55, 56, 57]}
    • intracellular ^[50]
    • membrane raft ^[49]
    • phagocytic cup ^[38]
    • plasma membrane ^[35]
    • recycling endosome ^[38]
• The gene product of Tnf has been shown to bind to the gene products of Krt17. ^[51] Researchers have inferred, based on physical interactions, that the gene product of Tnf
  • performs the following molecular functions:
    • protease binding ^[3]
    • tumor necrosis factor receptor binding ^[20]
• Researchers have inferred, based on phenotypic analysis of mouse mutants, that the gene product of Tnf
  • participates in the following biological processes:
    • defense response ^{[36, 43]}
    • humoral immune response ^[40]
    • multicellular organismal development ^[31]
    • organ morphogenesis ^[40]
    • positive regulation of hair follicle development ^[51]
    • positive regulation of NF-kappaB import into nucleus ^[53]
    • regulation of branching involved in salivary gland morphogenesis ^[37]
• Researchers have inferred, based on genetic interactions, that the gene product of Tnf
  • participates in the following biological processes:
    • apoptotic process based on interactions with Pik3r1 ^[47]
    • defense response to Gram-positive bacterium based on interactions with Lta ^[26]
    • extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors based on interactions with Bad ^[9]
    • induction of apoptosis based on interactions with Stk3, Stk4 ^[46]
    • JNK cascade based on interactions with Rb1cc1 ^[19]
    • negative regulation of growth of symbiont in host based on interactions with Lta ^[26]
    • osteoclast differentiation based on interactions with Chuk, Tnfsf11 ^[6]
    • positive regulation of chronic inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus based on interactions with Lta ^[26]
    • positive regulation of humoral immune response mediated by circulating immunoglobulin based on interactions with Lta ^[26]
    • positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade based on interactions with Map3k7 ^[45]
    • positive regulation of interferon-gamma production based on interactions with Lta ^[26]
    • positive regulation of JNK cascade based on interactions with Map3k7 ^[45]
    • positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter based on interactions with Ifng ^[12]

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Summary text based on GO annotations supported by experimental evidence in other organisms

• From comparative sequence analysis (see table for details), MGI curators have determined that the gene product of Tnf:
  • participates in the following biological processes:
    • activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process
    • activation of MAPK activity
    • activation of MAPKKK activity
    • activation of necroptosis by extracellular signals
    • apoptotic process
    • apoptotic signaling pathway
    • calcium-mediated signaling
    • cell activation
    • cellular response to nicotine
    • cellular response to organic cyclic compound
    • chronic inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus
    • extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway
    • extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors
    • induction of apoptosis
    • inflammatory response
    • leukocyte tethering or rolling
    • lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway
    • MAPK cascade
    • necrotic cell death
    • negative regulation of apoptotic process
    • negative regulation of branching involved in lung morphogenesis
    • negative regulation of cell proliferation
    • negative regulation of cytokine secretion involved in immune response
    • negative regulation of gene expression
    • negative regulation of glucose import
    • negative regulation of interleukin-6 production
    • negative regulation of L-glutamate transport
    • negative regulation of lipid catabolic process
    • negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
    • negative regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent
    • negative regulation of viral genome replication
    • positive regulation of apoptotic process
    • positive regulation of calcidiol 1-monooxygenase activity
    • positive regulation of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 production
    • positive regulation of chemokine biosynthetic process
    • positive regulation of chemokine production
    • positive regulation of cytokine production
    • positive regulation of cytokine secretion
    • positive regulation of heterotypic cell-cell adhesion
    • positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade
    • positive regulation of interleukin-8 biosynthetic process
    • positive regulation of MAP kinase activity
    • positive regulation of membrane protein ectodomain proteolysis
    • positive regulation of mitosis
    • positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process
    • positive regulation of NF-kappaB import into nucleus
    • positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity
    • positive regulation of NFAT protein import into nucleus
    • positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process
    • positive regulation of osteoclast differentiation
    • positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation
    • positive regulation of podosome assembly
    • positive regulation of programmed cell death
    • positive regulation of protein complex assembly
    • positive regulation of protein complex disassembly
    • positive regulation of protein localization to cell surface
    • positive regulation of protein phosphorylation
    • positive regulation of protein transport
    • positive regulation of sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity
    • positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation
    • positive regulation of synaptic transmission
    • positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
    • positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent
    • positive regulation of vitamin D biosynthetic process
    • protein import into nucleus, translocation
    • protein kinase B signaling cascade
    • receptor biosynthetic process
    • regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade
    • regulation of insulin secretion
    • response to glucocorticoid stimulus
    • response to virus
    • sequestering of triglyceride
    • signal transduction
    • transformed cell apoptotic process
    • tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway
  • performs the following molecular functions:
    • cytokine activity
    • identical protein binding
    • protease binding
    • transcription regulatory region DNA binding
    • tumor necrosis factor receptor binding
  • is located in the following cellular components:
    • cell surface
    • extracellular space
    • integral to membrane
    • integral to plasma membrane
    • membrane raft

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Summary text based on GO annotations supported by structural data

• Tnf encodes a protein or proteins that contain the following InterPro domains: Tumour necrosis factor, Tumour necrosis factor alpha/beta/c, Tumour necrosis factor alpha/cachectin, Tumour necrosis factor, conserved site, Tumour necrosis factor-like, indicating that the gene product:
  • participates in the following biological processes:
    • immune response
  • is located in the following cellular components:
    • membrane

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Summary text for additional MGI annotations

• Automated translation to GO terms of SwissProt keywords that describe Tnf indicates that it:
  • is located in the following cellular components:
    • extracellular region
    • membrane

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References

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Gene Ontology Evidence Code Abbreviations:

EXP Inferred from experiment

IC Inferred by curator

IDA Inferred from direct assay

IEA Inferred from electronic annotation

IGI Inferred from genetic interaction

IMP Inferred from mutant phenotype

IPI Inferred from physical interaction

ISS Inferred from sequence or structural similarity

ISO Inferred from sequence orthology

ISA Inferred from sequence alignment

ISM Inferred from sequence model

NAS Non-traceable author statement

ND No biological data available

RCA Reviewed computational analysis

TAS Traceable author statement

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