Go Annotations as Summary Text (Tabular View) (GO Graph)

GO curators for mouse genes have assigned the following annotations to the gene product of Tyro3. (This text reflects annotations as of Wednesday, January 23, 2013.)

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Summary from NCBI RefSeq

[Summary is not available for the mouse gene. This summary is for the human ortholog.] The gene is part of a 3-member transmembrane receptor kinase receptor family with a processed pseudogene distal on chromosome 15. The encoded protein is activated by the products of the growth arrest-specific gene 6 and protein S genes and is involved in controlling cell survival and proliferation, spermatogenesis, immunoregulation and phagocytosis. The encoded protein has also been identified as a cell entry factor for Ebola and Marburg viruses. [provided by RefSeq, May 2010]

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Summary text based on GO annotations supported by experimental evidence in mouse

• Researchers have inferred, based on physical interactions, that the gene product of Tyro3
  • performs the following molecular functions:
    • protein heterodimerization activity ^[6]
• Researchers have inferred, based on phenotypic analysis of mouse mutants, that the gene product of Tyro3
  • participates in the following biological processes:
    • neuron homeostasis ^[11]
    • platelet activation ^[1]
    • platelet aggregation ^[3]
    • protein kinase B signaling cascade ^[11]
    • secretion by cell ^[1]
    • substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading ^[1]
• Researchers have inferred, based on genetic interactions, that the gene product of Tyro3
  • participates in the following biological processes:
    • apoptotic cell clearance based on interactions with Axl, Mertk ^{[8, 10]}
    • forebrain cell migration based on interactions with Axl ^[6]
    • natural killer cell differentiation based on interactions with Axl, Mertk ^[2]
    • negative regulation of inflammatory response based on interactions with Axl, Mertk ^[7]
    • negative regulation of innate immune response based on interactions with Axl, Mertk ^[7]
    • negative regulation of lymphocyte activation based on interactions with Axl, Mertk ^[5]
    • negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process based on interactions with Axl ^[6]
    • negative regulation of toll-like receptor signaling pathway based on interactions with Axl, Mertk ^[7]
    • ovulation cycle based on interactions with Axl ^[6]
    • protein kinase B signaling cascade based on interactions with Gas6 ^[1]
    • spermatogenesis based on interactions with Axl, Mertk ^[4]
    • vagina development based on interactions with Axl, Mertk ^[9]

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Summary text based on GO annotations supported by experimental evidence in other organisms

• From comparative sequence analysis (see table for details), MGI curators have determined that the gene product of Tyro3:
  • participates in the following biological processes:
    • protein autophosphorylation
    • protein phosphorylation
  • performs the following molecular functions:
    • phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase binding
    • protein tyrosine kinase activity
  • is located in the following cellular components:
    • endoplasmic reticulum membrane
    • nuclear envelope
    • nucleus

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Summary text based on GO annotations supported by structural data

• Tyro3 encodes a protein or proteins that contain the following InterPro domains: Fibronectin, type III, Immunoglobulin I-set, Immunoglobulin subtype, Immunoglobulin subtype 2, Immunoglobulin-like, Immunoglobulin-like fold, Protein kinase, ATP binding site, Protein kinase, catalytic domain, Protein kinase-like domain, Serine-threonine/tyrosine-protein kinase catalytic domain, Tyrosine-protein kinase, active site, Tyrosine-protein kinase, catalytic domain, indicating that the gene product:
  • participates in the following biological processes:
    • protein phosphorylation
  • performs the following molecular functions:
    • ATP binding
    • protein kinase activity
    • transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups

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Summary text for additional MGI annotations

• Automated translation to GO terms of SwissProt keywords that describe Tyro3 indicates that it:
  • participates in the following biological processes:
    • cell adhesion
    • phosphorylation
  • performs the following molecular functions:
    • ATP binding
    • kinase activity
    • nucleotide binding
    • transferase activity
  • is located in the following cellular components:
    • integral to membrane
    • membrane
    • plasma membrane
• Tyro3 has been associated with the Enzyme Commission numbers: 2.7.10.1, which implies that the gene product:
  • participates in the following biological processes:
    • protein phosphorylation
  • performs the following molecular functions:
    • transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity

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References

1. Angelillo-Scherrer A et al. (2005) Role of Gas6 receptors in platelet signaling during thrombus stabilization and implications for antithrombotic therapy. J Clin Invest, 115:237-46. (PubMed:15650770)
2. Caraux A et al. (2006) Natural killer cell differentiation driven by Tyro3 receptor tyrosine kinases. Nat Immunol, 7:747-54. (PubMed:16751775)
3. Cosemans JM et al. (2010) Potentiating role of Gas6 and Tyro3, Axl and Mer (TAM) receptors in human and murine platelet activation and thrombus stabilization. J Thromb Haemost, 8:1797-808. (PubMed:20546121)
4. Lu Q et al. (1999) Tyro-3 family receptors are essential regulators of mammalian spermatogenesis. Nature, 398:723-8. (PubMed:10227296)
5. Lu Q et al. (2001) Homeostatic regulation of the immune system by receptor tyrosine kinases of the Tyro 3 family. Science, 293:306-11. (PubMed:11452127)
6. Pierce A et al. (2008) Axl and Tyro3 modulate female reproduction by influencing gonadotropin-releasing hormone neuron survival and migration. Mol Endocrinol, 22:2481-95. (PubMed:18787040)
7. Rothlin CV et al. (2007) TAM receptors are pleiotropic inhibitors of the innate immune response. Cell, 131:1124-36. (PubMed:18083102)
8. Seitz HM et al. (2007) Macrophages and dendritic cells use different Axl/Mertk/Tyro3 receptors in clearance of apoptotic cells. J Immunol, 178:5635-42. (PubMed:17442946)
9. Wu H et al. (2008) High incidence of distal vaginal atresia in mice lacking Tyro3 RTK subfamily. Mol Reprod Dev, 75:1775-82. (PubMed:18393392)
10. Xiong W et al. (2008) Gas6 and the Tyro 3 receptor tyrosine kinase subfamily regulate the phagocytic function of Sertoli cells. Reproduction, 135:77-87. (PubMed:18159085)
11. Zhong Z et al. (2010) Protein S protects neurons from excitotoxic injury by activating the TAM receptor Tyro3-phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-Akt pathway through its sex hormone-binding globulin-like region. J Neurosci, 30:15521-34. (PubMed:21084607)

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Gene Ontology Evidence Code Abbreviations:

EXP Inferred from experiment

IC Inferred by curator

IDA Inferred from direct assay

IEA Inferred from electronic annotation

IGI Inferred from genetic interaction

IMP Inferred from mutant phenotype

IPI Inferred from physical interaction

ISS Inferred from sequence or structural similarity

ISO Inferred from sequence orthology

ISA Inferred from sequence alignment

ISM Inferred from sequence model

NAS Non-traceable author statement

ND No biological data available

RCA Reviewed computational analysis

TAS Traceable author statement

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