Analysis Tools
reproductive system
| N |
• no phenotypic alternations are seen in females, with females showing normal onset of puberty, anogenital distance, ovary weight, serum androstenedione and testosterone levels, estrous cycle, and fertility
|
 |
• anogenital distance of males is shorter at P14 and persists until adulthood
|
|
|
• absolute weight and relative weight of the ventral prostate are lower
|
|
|
• absolute weight and relative weight of the seminal vesicle are lower
|
|
|
• Sertoli cell nuclei are more often misplaced at 2 weeks of age, but this is no longer seen at 4 weeks of age
|
|
|
• diameter of seminiferous tubules is decreased at 4 weeks and 3 months of age
• however, no gross abnormalities in testicular histology are seen even at 10 months of age
|
|
|
• marker analysis indicates abnormal Leydig cell maturation, with impaired transition from immature Leydig cell to adult Leydig cell
|
|
|
• absolute weight and relative weight of testis are lower
• however, cryptorchidism is not seen
|
|
|
• at 4 weeks of age, a delay is seen in the progress of spermatogenesis: while elongating spermatids are present in wild-type testes, only round spermatids are seen in mutant testis
• however, all stages of the seminiferous epithelial cycle are seen in testes at 3 months of age and spermatogenesis progresses without defects
• although a tendency of lower caudal spermatozoa number, fewer motile spermatozoa, and lower portion of progressively moving spermatozoa is seen, the differences are not significant
|
|
|
• absolute weight and relative weight of the epididymis are lower
|
|
|
• onset of puberty is delayed, with males showing balanopreputial separation at 30.4 days of age compared to 25.8 days of age in wild-type males
|
|
|
• in breeding, males obtain fewer litters indicating lower fertility
• however, litter size and female/male sex ratio of the offspring are similar to wild-type males
|
adipose tissue
|
|
• higher body weight is due to increased fat mass
|
digestive/alimentary system
|
|
• anogenital distance of males is shorter at P14 and persists until adulthood
|
endocrine/exocrine glands
|
|
• absolute weight and relative weight of the pituitary gland are lower in males
|
|
|
• absolute weight and relative weight of the ventral prostate are lower
|
|
|
• absolute weight and relative weight of the seminal vesicle are lower
|
|
|
• Sertoli cell nuclei are more often misplaced at 2 weeks of age, but this is no longer seen at 4 weeks of age
|
|
|
• diameter of seminiferous tubules is decreased at 4 weeks and 3 months of age
• however, no gross abnormalities in testicular histology are seen even at 10 months of age
|
|
|
• marker analysis indicates abnormal Leydig cell maturation, with impaired transition from immature Leydig cell to adult Leydig cell
|
|
|
• absolute weight and relative weight of testis are lower
• however, cryptorchidism is not seen
|
growth/size/body
|
|
• higher body weight is due to increased fat mass
|
|
|
• males are heavier, however overall size of males is not bigger based on unaltered femur length
|
|
|
• males exhibit a higher spleen weight
|
hematopoietic system
|
|
• males exhibit a higher spleen weight
|
homeostasis/metabolism
|
|
• testicular androstenedione level is increased in 27-day old males
• intratesticular androstenedione levels are 10-fold higher in 3-month-old males
• testicular dihydrotestosterone levels are unaltered in 27-day old males, however males exhibit an increase in dihydrotestosterone levels after adrenalectomy
• testicular estrone is 10-fold increased in 3-month-old mice
• testicular estradiol is 2-fold lower in 3-month-old mice
• the testosterone/androstenedione ratio is very low due to the extremely high androstenedione levels
|
|
|
• serum androstenedione concentration is 5-fold higher in 27-day old mice, with the difference further increasing after puberty to 100-fold at 3 months of age
• males exhibit a drop in serum androstenedione concentration after adrenalectomy
|
|
|
• males show a 3-fold increase in dihydrotestosterone levels at 3 months of age
|
|
|
• serum luteinizing hormone concentration is increased 40-fold in 3-month old males
• however, no difference is seen in serum follicle stimulating homrone levels in males
|
|
|
• intratesticular progesterone levels are 3-fold higher in 3-month-old males
|
|
|
• males show a 5-fold increase in progesterone levels at 3 months of age
|
|
|
• testicular testosterone levels are lower in 27-day old males
• males exhibit an increase in testosterone levels after adrenalectomy
|
|
|
• males show a 3-fold increase in testosterone levels at 3 months of age
• intratissue testosterone concentration in the testis is 7-fold higher than in the serum, indicating that serum testosterone is mostly of testicular origin
|
immune system
|
|
• males exhibit a higher spleen weight
|
nervous system
|
|
• absolute weight and relative weight of the pituitary gland are lower in males
|
renal/urinary system
|
|
• absolute weight and relative weight of the kidneys are lower in males
|
muscle
|
|
• absolute weight and relative weight of the levator ani muscle are lower in males
|
Mouse Models of Human Disease |
DO ID | OMIM ID(s) | Ref(s) | |
| 17-beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 3 deficiency | DOID:0112248 |
OMIM:264300 |
J:301756 | |
