mortality/aging
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• all mice die within 14 weeks post tamoxifen injection
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cardiovascular system
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• mice show enlarged hearts 11 weeks post tamoxifen injection
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• ratio of ventricular weight to body weight is increased at 11 weeks post tamoxifen injection
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• ventricular wall thinning is seen at 11 weeks post tamoxifen injection
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• ventricular chamber dilation is seen at 11 weeks post tamoxifen injection
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• hearts show severe cardiac fibrosis at 11 weeks post tamoxifen injection
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• increase in number of apoptotic cells is seen in hearts at 11 weeks post tamoxifen injection
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• mice develop dilated cardiomyopathy after tamoxifen injection
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• left ventricle fractional shortening and ejection fraction are slightly decreased at 9 weeks and further decreased at 11 and 13 weeks after tamoxifen injection
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• left ventricle systolic function represented by fractional shortening and ejection fraction is slightly decreased at 9 weeks post tamoxifen injection and further increased at 11 and 13 weeks after tamoxifen injection
• enlarged left ventricle chamber and ventricular wall thinning are seen at 11 and 13 weeks after tamoxifen injection
• left ventricle systolic function further deteriorates at 11 and 13 weeks after tamoxifen injection
• however, ventricular wall thickness and internal dimension of the heart are not altered at 9 weeks post tamoxifen injection
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• mice develop dilated cardiomyopathy and heart failure after tamoxifen injection
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cellular
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• activities of complex I and complex III in mitochondria are impaired at 9 weeks post tamoxifen injection
• activities of all four complexes in mitochondria are impaired at 11 weeks post tamoxifen injection
• cardiomyocytes show reduced mitochondrial potential and increased mitochondrial ROS levels at 9 weeks post tamoxifen injection
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• cardiomyocytes show increased mitochondrial ROS levels at 9 weeks post tamoxifen injection
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muscle
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• mice develop dilated cardiomyopathy after tamoxifen injection
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• left ventricle fractional shortening and ejection fraction are slightly decreased at 9 weeks and further decreased at 11 and 13 weeks after tamoxifen injection
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respiratory system
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• ratio of lung weight to body weight are increased at 11 weeks post tamoxifen injection
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growth/size/body
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• mice show enlarged hearts 11 weeks post tamoxifen injection
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• ratio of lung weight to body weight are increased at 11 weeks post tamoxifen injection
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