cardiovascular system
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• an increase in matrix metalloproteinases activation is seen in both the thoracic aorta and abdominal aorta
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• aortas show increased medial thickness
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• aortas show signs of elastin breakage and increased deposition of amorphous cell material between the elastin layers
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immune system
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• mice treated with LPS to mimic bacterial infection exhibit increased and prolonged inflammatory response compared to wild-type mice, showing a greater influx of macrophages, dendritic cells, T-cells, and granulocytes
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respiratory system
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• adult, but not neonatal, lungs show interruptions in the elastin layers
• graded increase in neutrophil elastase activity in the lungs
• an increase in matrix metalloproteinases activation is seen in the lungs
• however, inflammation in the lungs is not seen
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• alveolar airspace enlargement in adult lungs
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