behavior/neurological
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• decrease in hindlimb splaying when on tail suspension
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muscle
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• contour of the sarcolemma of individual muscle fibers has a more wavy appearance at P3 and P30
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• soleus shows an increase in fast fiber type IIa and a decrease in slow fiber type I
• tibialis anterior muscle shows an increase of fiber type IIb and decrease of fiber type IIx
• distribution of large collagen fibrils in the endomysium is different from wild-type, with fibrils more located in the middle of the endomysium instead of in close proximity to the basement membrane
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• mild increase in central nucleation in the quadriceps muscle, however no degeneration and regeneration are seen
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• absolute weights of tibialis anterior, gastrocnemius, quadriceps, and extensor digitorum longus muscles are lower
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• isometric tetanic force production is depressed by 18% in extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles, leading to a lower specific force
• EDL shows less force drop on the eccentric contraction paradigm in the muscle
• EDL shows a decrease in passive force generation, particularly at higher amplitudes of stretch
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skeleton
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• doubling of the spinous process
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limbs/digits/tail
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• mild increase in central nucleation in the quadriceps muscle, however no degeneration and regeneration are seen
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