mortality/aging
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• half of heterozygous mutants are moribound by 14-15 months of age
• by 2 years of age, 36 of 40 mutants had to be sacrificed or died
• mice die from not only the malignant lesions but also from the benign lesions due to such things as obstructed airways from hyperplastic or premalignant lesions in the pharynx, larynx, mouth or tongue
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neoplasm
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• mutants show an increase in benign premalignant lesions such as squamous cell hyperplasia and multiple lung adenomas
• tumors undergo loss of heterozygosity
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• seen in 12.5% of mice
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• frequency of lung adenomas is 4 times that seen in wild-type mice
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• seen in 10% of mice
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• seen in 12.5% of mice
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endocrine/exocrine glands
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• seen in 12.5% of mice
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respiratory system
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• frequency of lung adenomas is 4 times that seen in wild-type mice
|
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• seen in 10% of mice
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immune system
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• seen in 12.5% of mice
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hematopoietic system
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• seen in 12.5% of mice
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