Analysis Tools
hearing/vestibular/ear
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• about 20% shorter than in wild-type controls
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• mostly subtle (less than 2 degrees) differences in the average orientation of stereocilia
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• in the outermost row of hair cells there is a 4 degree difference in the average orientation of stereocilia
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nervous system
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• increase in the width to height ratio
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• mostly subtle (less than 2 degrees) differences in the average orientation of stereocilia
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• in the outermost row of hair cells there is a 4 degree difference in the average orientation of stereocilia
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renal/urinary system
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• striking clusters of apoptotic cells are detected in the epithelium and mesenchyme as early as E11.5
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• a significant decrease in cell proliferation is detected in both mesenchymal and epithelial cells at E11.75
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kidney cyst
(
J:169135
)
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• a significant decrease in cell proliferation is detected in both mesenchymal and epithelial cells at E11.75
• striking clusters of apoptotic cells are detected in the epithelium and mesenchyme as early as E11.5
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small kidney
(
J:169135
)
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• difference in size is first detectable at E11.5 and the difference increases until E13.5 then remains fairly consistent from E15.5 to P0
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• by E11.5 branching of the ureteric epithelium in mutants lags behind that of wild-type littermates
• by 12.5 kidney growth and branching are substantially decreased and the ureteric epithelium is wider and more irregular than in wild-type littermates
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skeleton
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• shorter than normal
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wide sternum
(
J:169135
)
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• wider than normal
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• vertebrae in the lumbar and posterior thoracic regions show a modest increase in the width and are narrower along the anterior-posterior axis
• the centrum at the midline is malformed
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• vertebrae in the lumbar and posterior thoracic regions show a modest increase in the width and are narrower along the anterior-posterior axis
• the centrum at the midline is malformed
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• dual ossification centers are present in vertebrae in the lumbar and posterior thoracic regions
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• dual ossification centers are present in vertebrae in the lumbar and posterior thoracic regions
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• abnormal ossification pattern
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cardiovascular system
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• the septum primum is often thinner and the ostium secundum is much larger than in wild-type littermates
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digestive/alimentary system
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• on average total intestinal length is about 72% that of wild-type littermates
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respiratory system
small lung
(
J:169135
)
embryo
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• increase in the width to height ratio
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cellular
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• striking clusters of apoptotic cells are detected in the epithelium and mesenchyme as early as E11.5
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• a significant decrease in cell proliferation is detected in both mesenchymal and epithelial cells at E11.75
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growth/size/body
kidney cyst
(
J:169135
)
