mortality/aging
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• following transverse aortic constriction, mice exhibit increased mortality compared to wild-type mice
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cardiovascular system
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• at post-mortem
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• at 13 to 14 months
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• maximum rate of heart contraction and relaxation is increased compared to in wild-type mice
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• at 13 to 14 months, mice exhibit decreased fractional shortening, velocity of circumferential fiber shortening, and ejection fraction compared with wild-type mice
• following transverse aortic constriction, mice exhibit decreased fractional shortening, velocity of circumferential fiber shortening, and ejection fraction compared with wild-type mice
• mice treated with ouabain fail to exhibit an increase in maximum rate of heart contraction and relaxation unlike similarly treated wild-type mice
|
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• the amplitude of calcium ion released from cardiomyocyte is increased 1.6-fold compared to in wild-type cells
• time to peak calcium ion release from cardiomyocyte is increased compared to in wild-type cells
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• following transverse aortic constriction, mice exhibit signs of heart dysfunction, decreased ventricular function, and increased mortality compared to wild-type mice
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homeostasis/metabolism
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• following transverse aortic constriction, mice exhibit signs of heart dysfunction, decreased ventricular function, and increased mortality compared to wild-type mice
|
|
• mice treated with ouabain fail to exhibit an increase in maximum rate of heart contraction and relaxation unlike similarly treated wild-type mice
• cardiomyocytes treated with ouabain fail to exhibit alterations in calcium ion transients unlike similarly treated wild-type cells
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muscle
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• maximum rate of heart contraction and relaxation is increased compared to in wild-type mice
|
|
• at 13 to 14 months, mice exhibit decreased fractional shortening, velocity of circumferential fiber shortening, and ejection fraction compared with wild-type mice
• following transverse aortic constriction, mice exhibit decreased fractional shortening, velocity of circumferential fiber shortening, and ejection fraction compared with wild-type mice
• mice treated with ouabain fail to exhibit an increase in maximum rate of heart contraction and relaxation unlike similarly treated wild-type mice
|
growth/size/body
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• at post-mortem
|
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• at 13 to 14 months
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