muscle
• most muscles in transgenic animals display a red color characteristic of oxidative muscle; in contrast, control muscles are paler in appearance
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• muscles in mutant animals are able to sustain a longer duration of continuous contraction; isolated extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles show much greater fatigue resistance compared to control muscle
• muscle fiber diameter loss in response to denervation and fasting is less severe in transgenic animals when compared to controls
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behavior/neurological
• following 5 weeks of a chronic mild stress (CMS) protocol, transgenic mice do not exhibit the increased immobility in forced swim test or decreased sucrose consumption that is observed in wild-type mice
• however, transgenic mice exhibit decreases in body weight similar to wild-type
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