cardiovascular system
• mice exhibit increased blood vessel number and diameter in the heart compared to in wild-type mice
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• heart tissue exhibits mitochondrial proliferation, reduced mitochondrial matrix density and cristolysis unlike in wild-type mice
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• however, no evidence of myofiber disarray is observed
• mice exhibit myocyte hypertrophy, myofibrillar lysis, binucleated cells and interstitial fibrosis
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• myofibrillar lysis
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• left ventricular wall thickness is increased 5% compared to in wild-type mice
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• mice exhibit a 23% reduction in left ventricular inner dimension at end-diastole compared to in wild-type mice
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• all mice develop cardiomyopathy associated with 5% increase in left ventricular wall thickness, a 23% reduction in left ventricular inner dimension at end-diastole, and a 27% increase in rotation in association with a 28% reduction in circumferential strain vectors and a 42% reduction in radial stretch vectors
• however, no evidence of myofiber disarray is observed
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• mice exhibit focal inflammation in the heart
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homeostasis/metabolism
immune system
• mice exhibit focal inflammation in the heart
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muscle
• mice exhibit myocyte hypertrophy, myofibrillar lysis, binucleated cells and interstitial fibrosis
• however, no evidence of myofiber disarray is observed
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• myofibrillar lysis
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• all mice develop cardiomyopathy associated with 5% increase in left ventricular wall thickness, a 23% reduction in left ventricular inner dimension at end-diastole, and a 27% increase in rotation in association with a 28% reduction in circumferential strain vectors and a 42% reduction in radial stretch vectors
• however, no evidence of myofiber disarray is observed
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cellular