mortality/aging
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• mutants are born live die during initial 6.5 months after birth
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• 44% lethality occurs between E14.5 and 16.5
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cardiovascular system
| N |
• mice do not differ significantly from wild-type in left ventricular (lv) muscle mass, lv end-diastolic volume and lv ejection fraction
• postnatally, mice do not differ significantly from wild-type in left ventricular (lv) muscle mass, lv end-diastolic volume and lv ejection fraction
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• cardiac arrythmias are observed are observed after excorporation for ex vivo cardiac functional analyses including spontaneous and sustained ventricular tachycardias
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• cardiac arrythmias are observed are observed after excorporation for ex vivo cardiac functional analyses including spontaneous and sustained ventricular tachycardias
• in vivo, spontaneous arrhythmic events such as ventricular extra systole (VES) are observed; frequency and severity of such events increase with by hypoxic stimulation
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• surface and intercardiac ECGs ex vivo show a broadening of the QRS complex and decrease in the R wave in ventricle activity indicating disturbed impulse propagation
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• decrease in the R wave
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• isolated fetal cardiomyocytes show a 1.6-fold higher beating frequency than wild-type cells
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muscle
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• isolated fetal cardiomyocytes show a 1.6-fold higher beating frequency than wild-type cells
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