Analysis Tools
behavior/neurological
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• in the sociability test, whereas wild-type mice spend significantly more time in a chamber with an unfamiliar mouse than in an unoccupied chamber, neither heterozygous nor homozygous mutant mice show such a preference
• in the social novelty test, whereas wild-type mice spend more time in a chamber with a new unfamiliar mouse than with one to which they previously have been introduced, both heterozygous and homozygous mutant mice show no such preference
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nervous system
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• prepulse inhibition (PPI) in mice heterozygous for this mutation does not differ significantly from that in wild-type mice; the PPI of heterozygous mutants is unaffected by treatment with the antipsychotics haloperidol and clozapine, the antidepressant bupropion or the PDE4 inhibitor rolipram
• in the absence of a prepulse, the amplitude of the acoustic startle response is similar in heterozygous mutant and wild-type mice; the acoustic startle is unaffected by haloperidol, clozapine, bupropion or rolipram
• the time spent on the open arms of the elevated plus maze by heterozygous mutant and wild-type mice is similar, indicating they experience similar anxiety levels
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• magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) reveals that the brain volumes of heterozygous and homozygous mutant mice are 6% lower than those of wild-type mice
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• MRI reveals contraction of the thalamus in heterozygous and homozygous mutant mice
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• MRI reveals contraction of the entorhinal cortex in heterozygous and homozygous mutant mice
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• MRI reveals contraction around the cerebral cortex, without alteration of white-matter tracts, in heterozygous and homozygous mutant mice
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• MRI reveals contraction of the cerebellum in heterozygous and homozygous mutant mice
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