mortality/aging
• surviving mutants are generally smaller than littermates, do not nurse well, and gradually die prior to weaning, with very few surviving to 3 weeks (3/258)
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• double mutants survive through birth, but ~50% die within a few hours of birth
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craniofacial
• 50% of newborns show complete cleft of the secondary palate
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respiratory system
• some newborns display gasping
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digestive/alimentary system
• 50% of newborns show complete cleft of the secondary palate
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homeostasis/metabolism
growth/size/body
• 50% of newborns show complete cleft of the secondary palate
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