mortality/aging
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• embryos typically arrest and die between E9.5 and E11.5
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growth/size/body
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• embryos are retarded in growth by E7.5
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embryo
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• in most cases, do not undergo axial rotation
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• exhibit a truncated posterior at E9.5
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• embryos typically arrest between E9.5 and E11.5
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• embryos are retarded in growth by E7.5
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• neural folds are not fused at E9.5
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• by E8.5, exhibit disproportionate growth of the extraembryonic structures compared with embryonic ectoderm, resulting in a large yolk sac and allantois compared to embryo size
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• overgrowth of the yolk sac is seen at E8.5
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• exhibit an increased prevalence of apical electron dense structures in the yolk sac visceral endoderm
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• variability in chorioallantoic fusion
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nervous system
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• neural folds are not fused at E9.5
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