mortality/aging
• Background Sensitivity: found in reduced numbers on a predominantly 129 background (greater than 75%)
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growth/size/body
• considerably smaller than controls at birth and postnatally
• near normal in adulthood
• dwarfism less pronounced when transmitted maternally
• size variability when heterozygotes the progeny of two heterozygous parents
• Background Sensitivity: on a predominantly 129 background, dwarfism considerably reduced in the offspring of males who received the allele maternally
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• weight about 60% of controls postnatally
• near normal weight attained in adulthood
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• weight reduction detectable at E16.5
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cellular
• paternal transmission results in down regulation of Dlk1, Dio3, and Rtl1 but not Gtl2, Rian, and Mirg
• maternal transmission results in mild down regulation of Gtl2, Rian, and Mirg and no effect at all on Dlk1, Dio3, and Rtl1
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