Analysis Tools
homeostasis/metabolism
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• after cyclophosphamide treatment, perforin-null NOD mice display temporary hyperglycemia but return to normoglycemia while control NOD mice become hyperglycemic and often die as a result
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• cyclophosphamide treatment of 8-12 week old NOD control and perforin-heterozygous NOD mice on day 0 and 12 induces diabetes at an incidence of 80-90% after the second treatment between 24 and 30 days, while diabetes occurs in 18% of homozygous NOD mutants between 32 and 38 days
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endocrine/exocrine glands
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• diabetic perforin-null mice have a drastically reduced volume density of endocrine islet tissue (beta cells) compared with 7-week old control NOD mice
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• at 8 weeks of age, insulitis is seen to varying degrees in perforin-null and heterozygous mice; by 55 weeks of age, in non-diabetic null mice, severe insulitis develops with a higher frequency than in perforin-expressing NOD controls
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periinsulitis
(
J:43468
)
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• periinsulitis is observed in 8-week old perforin-null and heterozygous mice with little islet cell damage, compared to detection at 5 weeks in control NOD mice
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immune system
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• at 8 weeks of age, insulitis is seen to varying degrees in perforin-null and heterozygous mice; by 55 weeks of age, in non-diabetic null mice, severe insulitis develops with a higher frequency than in perforin-expressing NOD controls
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periinsulitis
(
J:43468
)
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• periinsulitis is observed in 8-week old perforin-null and heterozygous mice with little islet cell damage, compared to detection at 5 weeks in control NOD mice
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• female perforin-null NOD mice show significantly decrease incidence of diabetes (16%) with a delayed onset between 35 and 41 weeks, while control NOD mice, diabetes occurred between 15 and 30 weeks of age with an incidence of 77%; male control NOD mice show less than 20% incidence of diabetes, while no null NOD mice develop diabetes
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