Analysis Tools
endocrine/exocrine glands
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• underdeveloped or absent endometrial glands in 89% of mice
• wide variation in endometrial gland development ranging from a failure of gland formation to inability to develop past a simple epithelium
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• failure of cumulus cell expansion preventing fertilization in vivo
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reproductive system
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• underdeveloped or absent endometrial glands in 89% of mice
• wide variation in endometrial gland development ranging from a failure of gland formation to inability to develop past a simple epithelium
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• failure of cumulus cell expansion preventing fertilization in vivo
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• the endometrial lining fails to thicken
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• impaired pseudopregnancy response
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• prolonged di-oestrus phase in 33% of females
• ovulation does occur
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• 2 litters, one of 1 pup and the other of 5 pups, were generated by over 30 matings of females and wild-type males over a period of 60 weeks
• oocytes could be fertilized in vitro
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limbs/digits/tail
brachydactyly
(
J:59282
)
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• 28% of adults sustain frequent elbow joint dislocations
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• several carpal bones are affected
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• by E13.5, but not earlier, the phalanges exhibit decreased cell density and defective proximal phalanx formation
• percentage of proliferating cells is reduced by 33% in the region of the presumptive phalanges at E12.5 and by E13.5, a 62% reduction is seen
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• the proximal and middle phalanges are reduced
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• the proximal and middle phalanges are fused
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• defects are seen in the calcaneus, in which there is an overall reduction in length and size of the ossification center
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• initial formation of the digital rays occurs normally, but proliferation of prechondrogenic cells and chondrocyte differentiation in the phalangeal region are reduced
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skeleton
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• several carpal bones are affected
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• by E13.5, but not earlier, the phalanges exhibit decreased cell density and defective proximal phalanx formation
• percentage of proliferating cells is reduced by 33% in the region of the presumptive phalanges at E12.5 and by E13.5, a 62% reduction is seen
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• the proximal and middle phalanges are reduced
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• the proximal and middle phalanges are fused
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• defects are seen in the calcaneus, in which there is an overall reduction in length and size of the ossification center
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• 33% of neonates exhibit a reduced 4th sternebra
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• chondrogenesis is impaired in the region of the proximal and middle phalanges
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• chondrocyte differentiation is defective in the phalanges
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• the proximal interphalangeal joint is absent in adults and the phalanges are replaced by a single rudimentary element, while the distal phalanges are unaffected
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• 28% of adults sustain frequent elbow joint dislocations
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