Analysis Tools
endocrine/exocrine glands
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• at 3 months of age, mutant prostates display a 3.2-fold increase in stromal microvasculature density relative to wild-type prostates
• mutant prostatic vessels appear more muscular, as revealed by immunostaining for smooth muscle actin; occasional intraglandular vessels are also observed
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• at 3 months of age, homozygotes display prostatic hyperplasia with stratification of the nuclei
• the number of PCNA-positive epithelial cells is significantly increased in mutant prostate glands
• however, no significant alterations in serum testosterone levels are observed
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• at 3 months of age, mutant pancreatic blood vessels are significantly increased in number, dilated, and display thickened media, as revealed by immunostaining for smooth muscle actin
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• at 3 months of age, mutant exocrine glands are more adundant relative to wild-type glands
• a paucity of lumen is observed in PCNA-stained tissue sections
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• at 3 months of age, mutant acinar epithelial cells appear poorly differentiated and display increased nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratios and cytologic atypia
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• at 3 months of age, the mutant pancreas is enlarged, extending well beyond the midline
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• at 3 months of age, homozygotes exhibit pancreatic epithelial cell hyperplasia
• a 3.8-fold increase in PCNA-positive epithelial cells is observed in mutant pancreatic tissue
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cardiovascular system
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• at 3 months of age, homozygotes display abnormally positioned retinal vessels and increased microvessel density
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• at 3 months of age, homozygotes display increased microvasculature density within the stroma of the retina, kidney, pancreas and prostate
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digestive/alimentary system
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• at 3 months of age, mutant exocrine glands are more adundant relative to wild-type glands
• a paucity of lumen is observed in PCNA-stained tissue sections
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• at 3 months of age, mutant acinar epithelial cells appear poorly differentiated and display increased nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratios and cytologic atypia
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• at 3 months of age, homozygotes exhibit pancreatic epithelial cell hyperplasia
• a 3.8-fold increase in PCNA-positive epithelial cells is observed in mutant pancreatic tissue
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reproductive system
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• at 3 months of age, mutant prostates display a 3.2-fold increase in stromal microvasculature density relative to wild-type prostates
• mutant prostatic vessels appear more muscular, as revealed by immunostaining for smooth muscle actin; occasional intraglandular vessels are also observed
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• at 3 months of age, homozygotes display prostatic hyperplasia with stratification of the nuclei
• the number of PCNA-positive epithelial cells is significantly increased in mutant prostate glands
• however, no significant alterations in serum testosterone levels are observed
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vision/eye
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• at 3 months of age, homozygotes display abnormally positioned retinal vessels and increased microvessel density
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• at 3 months of age, homozygotes display a decreased number of retinal ganglion cells
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• at 3 months of age, homozygotes exhibit abnormal retinal pigmentation
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nervous system
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• at 3 months of age, homozygotes display a decreased number of retinal ganglion cells
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pigmentation
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• at 3 months of age, homozygotes exhibit abnormal retinal pigmentation
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growth/size/body
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• at 3 months of age, the mutant pancreas is enlarged, extending well beyond the midline
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• at 3 months of age, homozygotes exhibit pancreatic epithelial cell hyperplasia
• a 3.8-fold increase in PCNA-positive epithelial cells is observed in mutant pancreatic tissue
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