nervous system
• the olfactory receptor neuron in the epithelium is less differentiated at E16.5 and at birth than in wild-type mice, and remains rounded in shape and euchromatic
• at E14.5, many mature olfactory receptor neurons are randomly found all over the mesenchyme
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• abnormally shaped olfactory bulb in newborn pups; instead of ending in a triangular cone at the rostral end of the cerebellar lobes, one or sometimes both bulbs extend into elongated tips
• the olfactory bulb often protrudes into the nasal cavity through the ethmoid bone
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• the distinct layers of the olfactory bulb are not apparent in mutants
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• the glomerular layer is virtually nonexistant
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• mitral cells are scattered over the entire surface of the olfactory bulb
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• olfactory innervation is altered with reduced number of connections in the olfactory bulb
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• the olfactory nerves are not organized into distinct tracts, instead, they are loosely packed and scattered in the mesenchyme of the nasal cavity or present as clumps of fibers
• very few olfactory nerves reach the olfactory bulb
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respiratory system
• the superior, middle, and inferior turbinates are not clearly defined
• present as masses of tissues
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• severe alterations in the morphology of the nasal cavity
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• the nasal septum appears more bulbous
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• the olfactory epithelium is thinner at E14.5 and at birth
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• the olfactory receptor neuron in the epithelium is less differentiated at E16.5 and at birth than in wild-type mice, and remains rounded in shape and euchromatic
• at E14.5, many mature olfactory receptor neurons are randomly found all over the mesenchyme
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craniofacial
• protrusion of the olfactory bulb into the nasal cavity through the ethmoid bone is accompanied by breakage of the cribriform plate
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• breakage of the cribriform plate
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• the superior, middle, and inferior turbinates are not clearly defined
• present as masses of tissues
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• unilateral cleft of the lip
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• observed in all mutants
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• severe alterations in the morphology of the nasal cavity
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• the nasal septum appears more bulbous
|
• the olfactory epithelium is thinner at E14.5 and at birth
|
• the olfactory receptor neuron in the epithelium is less differentiated at E16.5 and at birth than in wild-type mice, and remains rounded in shape and euchromatic
• at E14.5, many mature olfactory receptor neurons are randomly found all over the mesenchyme
|
skeleton
• protrusion of the olfactory bulb into the nasal cavity through the ethmoid bone is accompanied by breakage of the cribriform plate
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• breakage of the cribriform plate
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• the superior, middle, and inferior turbinates are not clearly defined
• present as masses of tissues
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taste/olfaction
• the olfactory epithelium is thinner at E14.5 and at birth
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• the olfactory receptor neuron in the epithelium is less differentiated at E16.5 and at birth than in wild-type mice, and remains rounded in shape and euchromatic
• at E14.5, many mature olfactory receptor neurons are randomly found all over the mesenchyme
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digestive/alimentary system
• observed in all mutants
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growth/size/body
• the superior, middle, and inferior turbinates are not clearly defined
• present as masses of tissues
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• unilateral cleft of the lip
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• observed in all mutants
|
• severe alterations in the morphology of the nasal cavity
|
• the nasal septum appears more bulbous
|
• the olfactory epithelium is thinner at E14.5 and at birth
|
• the olfactory receptor neuron in the epithelium is less differentiated at E16.5 and at birth than in wild-type mice, and remains rounded in shape and euchromatic
• at E14.5, many mature olfactory receptor neurons are randomly found all over the mesenchyme
|