Phenotypes Associated with This Genotype

Genotype
MGI:2449968

• Allelic Composition: Vgf^tm1Srjs/Vgf^tm1Srjs
• Genetic Background: involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6

• ♀: phenotype observed in females
• ♂: phenotype observed in males
• N: normal phenotype

mortality/aging

postnatal lethality, incomplete penetrance ( J:56499 )

• survival of mutant mice was reduced in comparison to controls, particularly during the postnatal period prior to weaning

adipose tissue

decreased white adipose tissue amount ( J:56499 )

decreased total body fat amount ( J:56499 )

• peripheral fat stores were dramatically reduced; total body fat was reduced and represented a smaller fraction of total body composition

• daily food intake was normal

abnormal epididymal fat pad morphology ( J:56499 )

• expression of leptin mRNA in the epididymal fat pad was significantly reduced

behavior/neurological

hyperactivity ( J:56499 )

• hyperactivity was not associated with elevations in striatal dopamine or 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic (DOPAC) level

shortened circadian behavior period ( J:56499 )

• the circadian period length was found to be slightly but significantly shorter in mutant animals

endocrine/exocrine glands

decreased seminal vesicle weight ( J:56499 )

♂ • 35% the weight of controls

absent corpus luteum ( J:56499 )

♀

abnormal ovarian follicle morphology ( J:56499 )

♀ • histological examination revealed many primary and atretic follicles but no mature follicles or corpus lutea

absent mature ovarian follicles ( J:56499 )

♀

increased atretic ovarian follicle number ( J:56499 )

♀

decreased ovary weight ( J:56499 )

♀ • ovaries weighed 18-30% less the weight of those found in wild-type mice

decreased testis weight ( J:56499 )

♂ • 70% the weight of controls

lactation failure ( J:56499 )

♀ • the mammary glands of postpartum females showed immature milk engorged ducts; pups born to mutant females failed to survive unless they fostered

growth/size/body

decreased body weight ( J:56499 )

• mutants weighed 10-20% less than heterozygous littermates by postnatal day 3

• mutants weighed 40-60% less than heterozygous littermates by the third postnatal week

• after weaning, mutants maintained a body weight of 50-70% less than those of wildtype

homeostasis/metabolism

decreased circulating thyroxine level ( J:56499 )

• reduced T4 thyroid hormone levels

decreased circulating glucose level ( J:56499 )

• glucose levels measured 60% of levels found in controls

increased circulating corticosterone level ( J:56499 )

• serum corticosterone level was 140%

decreased circulating insulin level ( J:56499 )

• serum insulin levels measured 80% of levels found in controls

decreased circulating thyroid-stimulating hormone level ( J:56499 )

• slightly decreased thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) content

increased oxygen consumption ( J:56499 )

• mutant mice had an elevated basal metabolic rate as measured by oxygen consumption

increased basal metabolism ( J:56499 )

reproductive system

decreased seminal vesicle weight ( J:56499 )

♂ • 35% the weight of controls

absent corpus luteum ( J:56499 )

♀

abnormal ovarian follicle morphology ( J:56499 )

♀ • histological examination revealed many primary and atretic follicles but no mature follicles or corpus lutea

absent mature ovarian follicles ( J:56499 )

♀

increased atretic ovarian follicle number ( J:56499 )

♀

decreased ovary weight ( J:56499 )

♀ • ovaries weighed 18-30% less the weight of those found in wild-type mice

decreased testis weight ( J:56499 )

♂ • 70% the weight of controls

decreased oviduct weight ( J:56499 )

♀ • oviducts weighed 18-30% less the weight of those found in wild-type mice

decreased uterus weight ( J:56499 )

♀ • uteri weighed 18-30% less the weight of those found in wild-type mice

delayed sexual maturation ( J:56499 )

• both males and females

delayed vaginal opening ( J:56499 )

absent estrous cycle ( J:56499 )

♀ • 50% of mutant females failed to cycle

prolonged estrous cycle ( J:56499 )

♀ • a prolonged pattern of up to 12 days was noted in 50% of mutant females

♀ • females were responsive to superovulation

reduced female fertility ( J:56499 )

♀ • 90% of mutant females (aged 8-12 weeks) were found to be infertile by virtue of nonproductive matings; fertility was restored by transplanting mutant ovaries into ovariectomized normal females, suggesting that the reproductive deficits were not due to primary ovarian pathology

reduced male fertility ( J:56499 )

♂ • 85% of mutant males (aged 8-12 weeks) were found to be infertile by virtue of nonproductive matings; adult mating behavior was normal

nervous system

nervous system phenotype ( J:56499 )

N • hypothalamic structure and neuronal counts appeared normal

integument

lactation failure ( J:56499 )

♀ • the mammary glands of postpartum females showed immature milk engorged ducts; pups born to mutant females failed to survive unless they fostered