mortality/aging
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• death between E12 and E16, although a few survive to E16-E18; these are swollen and covered with edemas and have blood retention in kidney and liver
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embryo
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• evident beginning at E12
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• spongiotrophoblast of the placenta is poorly supplied with blood
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• spongiotrophoblast of the placenta is reduced in size
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growth/size/body
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• evident beginning at E12
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cardiovascular system
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• heart rupture in the ventricles
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• morphology of intercalated discs is altered as they do not show differentiation of desmosomes and adherens junctions
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• desmosomes of intercalated discs are absent by E8, however desmosomes are observed in various epithelia such as the epidermis
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• blood supply, particularly of liver and placenta, is reduced
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• pericardial cavities are frequently swollen and filled with blood
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• amplitude of heart contraction is strongly reduced
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muscle
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• morphology of intercalated discs is altered as they do not show differentiation of desmosomes and adherens junctions
|
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• desmosomes of intercalated discs are absent by E8, however desmosomes are observed in various epithelia such as the epidermis
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• amplitude of heart contraction is strongly reduced
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liver/biliary system
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• at P14, liver parenchyme shows intital signs of deterioration
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homeostasis/metabolism
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• pericardial cavities are frequently swollen and filled with blood
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integument


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