Analysis Tools
behavior/neurological
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• homozygotes show increased limbic excitability and seizure susceptibility (i.e. lower seizure threshold and higher lethality) in response to kainic acid administration
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• homozygotes show impaired hippocampal-dependent spatial learning and memory tasks in the hidden platform (spatial) version of the Morris water-maze and the delayed version of the Y-maze
• in contrast, they display normal learning and memory in non-hippocampal tasks, such as the visible platform (nonspatial) version of the water-maze, the immediate version of the Y-maze, and the spontaneous-alternation test of working memory
• motor behavior and motivation to perform tasks appear unaffected
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• homozygotes are viable and developmentally normal but avoid a novel and fearful environment and vigorously attempt to escape stressful situations
(J:49752)
• although both male and female mutants show increased anxiety and stress response, anxiety is less prominent in female mice
(J:49752)
• homozygotes are insensitive to the anxiolytic effect of diazepam, a classical benzodiazepine, in the elevated-plus maze and in the open-field test of anxiety
(J:61579)
• consistent with "BZ-resistant anxiety", binding of both BZ and non-BZ GABAA receptor ligands are reduced
(J:61579)
• in homozygotes, binding of the BZ-specific ligand methyl-3H-flunitrazepam is reduced ~16% in amygdala and 8% in cortex
(J:61579)
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• mutant females, but not males, show increased locomotor activity in the open-field test
• both males and females show increased mobility in the forced swim test; no gender differences are observed in this test
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nervous system
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• homozygotes show increased limbic excitability and seizure susceptibility (i.e. lower seizure threshold and higher lethality) in response to kainic acid administration
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• homozygotes display impaired paired-pulse inhibition in the CA1 region of the hippocampus, indicating reduced GABAergic inhibition
(J:61579)
• homozygotes show specific alterations in GABAA receptor subunit levels in the amygdala, cortex and hippocampus
(J:61579)
• electrophysiological data show absence of paired-pulse facilitation in the dentate gyrus of homozygous mutants
(J:66581)
• the lack of paired-pulse inhibition in the CA1 region of the hippocampus indicates a defect in short-term neuroplasticity
(J:66581)
• in contrast, homozygotes show no abnormality in long-term plasticity, at least in the CA1 region of the hippocampus
(J:66581)
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