Analysis Tools
mortality/aging
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• fewer than expected mice are produced from mating homozygotes or heterozygotes
• Background Sensitivity: some mice are viable unlike on a congenic C57BL/6 background
• however, viable mice are healthy and fertile
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immune system
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• whole-mount preparations of ear skin from adult mice revealed no differences for the characteristic VE-cadherin and PECAM-1 staining of button-like junctions in initial lymphatics relative to wild-type controls
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• LPS- or dinitrofluorbenzene-treated mice exhibit reduced recruitment of neutrophils or lymphocytes into inflamed lung or skin compared with similarly treated wild-type mice
• paracellular diapedesis is blocked
• however, leukocytes exhibit normal naive homing, adhesion, rolling, and transcellular diapedesis
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• leukocyte extravasation is reduced in IL1b-inflamed cremaster, lungs of LPS-treated mice, or skin of dinitrofluorbenzene-treated mice compared to in similarly treated wild-type mice
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• in culture, lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) isolated from lungs of 7- to 9-week-old mice and stained for VE-cadherin and lymphatic markers show no difference in the recruitment of VEC-alpha-C and VE-cadherin to junctions; however, mutant LECs appear more widespread than control LECs
• video imaging over a 24-hr period confirmed a more intense spreading of mutant LECs
• however, no differences in LEC motility are observed
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cardiovascular system
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• skin fails to exhibit vascular permeability induced by VEGF and histamine unlike in control skin
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integument
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• skin fails to exhibit vascular permeability induced by VEGF and histamine unlike in control skin
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hematopoietic system
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• LPS- or dinitrofluorbenzene-treated mice exhibit reduced recruitment of neutrophils or lymphocytes into inflamed lung or skin compared with similarly treated wild-type mice
• paracellular diapedesis is blocked
• however, leukocytes exhibit normal naive homing, adhesion, rolling, and transcellular diapedesis
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• leukocyte extravasation is reduced in IL1b-inflamed cremaster, lungs of LPS-treated mice, or skin of dinitrofluorbenzene-treated mice compared to in similarly treated wild-type mice
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cellular
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• LPS- or dinitrofluorbenzene-treated mice exhibit reduced recruitment of neutrophils or lymphocytes into inflamed lung or skin compared with similarly treated wild-type mice
• paracellular diapedesis is blocked
• however, leukocytes exhibit normal naive homing, adhesion, rolling, and transcellular diapedesis
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• leukocyte extravasation is reduced in IL1b-inflamed cremaster, lungs of LPS-treated mice, or skin of dinitrofluorbenzene-treated mice compared to in similarly treated wild-type mice
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