Previous Next

References

Abbott, C. (1992).
Characterization of mouse-hamster somatic cell hybrids by PCR: A panel of mouse-specific primers for each chromosome. Mammalian Genome 2: 106-109.
See also MGI.

Adolph, S., and Klein, J. (1981).
Robertsonian variation in Mus musculus from Central Europe, Spain, and Scotland. J. Hered. 72: 139-142.
See also MGI.

Agulnik, A. I., Agulnik, S. I., and Ruvinsky, A. O. (1991).
Two doses of the paternal Tme gene do not compensate the lethality of the Thp deletion. J. Hered. 82: 351-353.
See also PubMed.

Aitman, T. J., Hearne, C. M., McAleer, M. A., and Todd, J. A. (1991).
Mononucleotide repeats are an abundant source of length variants in mouse genomic DNA. Mammal. Genome 1: 206-210.
See also MGI.

Altman, P. L., and Katz, D., eds. (1979).
Inbred and Genetically Defined Strains of Laboratory Animals: Part I, Mouse and Rat. (Fed. Amer. Soc. Exp. Biol., Bethesda).

Alvarez, W., and Asaro, F. (1990, October, 1990).
An extraterrestrial impact. Scientific American, p. 78-84.

Ammerman, A. J., and Cavalli-Sforza, L. L. (1984).
The Neolithic Transition and the Genetics of Populations in Europe. (Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ USA).

Armour, J. A. L., and Jeffreys, A. J. (1992).
Biology and application of human minisatellite loci. Curr. Opin. Genet. Devel. 2: 850-856.
See also PubMed.

Arnheim, N. (1983).
Concerted evolution of multigene families. In Evolution of Genes and Proteins, Nei, M. and Koehn, R. K., eds. (Sinauer New York), pp. 38-61.

Arnheim, N., Li, H., and Cui, X. (1990).
Review: PCR analysis of DNA sequences in single cells: Single sperm gene mapping and genetic disease diagnosis. Genomics 8: 415-419.
See also PubMed.

Artzt, K., Calo, C., Pinheiro, E. N., DiMeo, T. A., and Tyson, F. L. (1987).
Ovarian teratocarcinomas in LT/Sv mice carrying t-mutations. Dev Genet 8: 1-9.
See also MGI.

Asada, Y., Varnum, D. S., Frankel, W. N., and Nadeau, J. H. (1994).
A mutation in the Ter gene causing increased susceptibility to testicular teratomas maps to mouse chromosome 18. Nature Genetics 6: 363-368.
See also MGI.

Atchley, W. R., and Fitch, W. M. (1991).
Gene trees and the origins of inbred strains of mice. Science 254: 554-558.
See also MGI.

Auffray, J.-C., Marshall, J. T., Thaler, L., and Bonhomme, F. (1991).
Focus on the nomenclature of european species of mus. Mouse Genome 88: 7-8.

Auffray, J.-C., Vanlerberghe, F., and Britton-Davidian, J. (1990).
The house mouse progression in Eurasia: a palaeontological and archaeozoological approach. Biol. J. Linnean Soc. 41: 13-25.

Avner, P. (1991).
Genetics: Sweet mice, sugar daddies. Nature 351: 519-520.
See also PubMed.

Avner, P., Amar, L., Dandolo, L., and Guénet, J. L. (1988).
Genetic analysis of the mouse using interspecific crosses. Trends Genet. 4: 18-23.
See also MGI.

Bahary, N., Pachter, J. E., Felman, R., Leibel, R. L., Albright, K., Cram, S., and Friedman, J. M. (1992).
Molecular mapping of mouse chromosomes 4 and 6: use of a flow-sorted Robertsonian chromosome. Genomics 13: 761-769.
See also MGI.

Bailey, D. W. (1971).
Recombinant-inbred strains. An aid to finding identity, linkage and funcion of histocompatibility and other genes. Transplantation 11: 325-327.
See also MGI.

Bailey, D. W. (1978).
Sources of subline divergence and their relative importance for sublines of six major inbred strains of mice. In Origins of Inbred Mice, Morse, H. C., ed. (Academic Press, New York), pp. 423-438.
See also Origins of Inbred Mice at MGI.

Bailey, D. W. (1981).
Recombinant inbred strains and bilineal congenic strains. In The Mouse in Biomedical Research Vol. 1, Foster, H. L., Small, J. D., and Fox, J. G., eds. (Academic Press, New York), pp. 223-239.

Barany, F. (1991).
Genetic disease detection and DNA amplification using cloned thermostable ligase. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 88: 189-193.
See also PubMed.

Barker, D., Schafer, M., and White, R. (1984).
Restriction sites containing CpG show a higher frequency of polymorphism in human DNA. Cell 36: 131-138.
See also PubMed.

Barlow, D., and Lehrach, H. (1990).
Partial Not I digests generated by low enzyme concentration or by the presence of ethidium bromide can be used to extend the range of physical mapping. Technique 2: 79-87.
See also MGI.

Barlow, D. P., and Leharch, H. (1987).
Genetics by gel electrophoresis: the impact of pulsed field gel electrophoresis on mammalian genetics. Trend. Genet. 3: 167-171.

Barlow, D. P., Stoger, R., Herrmann, B. G., Saito, K., and Schweifer, N. (1991).
The mouse insulin-like growth factor type-2 receptor is imprinted and closely linked to the Tme locus. Nature 349: 84-87.
See also MGI.

Bartolomei, M. S., Zemel, S., and Tilghman, S. (1991).
Parental imprinting of the mouse H19 gene. Nature 351: 153-155.
See also MGI.

Barton, N. H., and Hewitt, G. M. (1989).
Adaptation, speciation and hybrid zones. Nature 341: 497-502.
See also PubMed.

Bateson, W., Saunders, E. R., and Punnett, R. C. (1905).
Experimental studies in the physiology of heredity. Reports to the Evolution Committee of the Royal Society 2: 1-55 and 80-99.

Beier, D. R. (1993).
Single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis as a tool for genetic mapping. Mammal. Genome 4: 627-631.
See also PubMed.

Beier, D. R., Dushkin, H., and Sussman, D. J. (1992).
Mapping genes in the mouse using single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis of recombinant inbred strains and interspecific crosses. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 89: 9102-9106.
See also MGI.

Bellvé, A. R., Cavicchia, J. C., Millette, C. F., O'Brien, D. A., Bhatnagar, Y. M., and Dym, M. (1977).
Spermatogenic cells of the prepuberal mouse. Isolation and morphological characterization. J. Cell Biol. 74: 68-85.
See also PubMed.

Berry, R. J. (1981).
Population dynamics of the house mouse. Symp. Zool. Soc. London 47: 395-425.

Berry, R. J., and Corti, M., eds. (1990).
Biological Journal of the Linnean Society (Academic Press, London).

Berry, R. J., and Jakobson, M. E. (1974).
Vagility and death in an island population of the house mouse. J. Zool. 173: 341-354.

Berry, R. J., Jakobson, M. E., and Peters, J. (1987).
Inherited differences within an island population of the House mouse (Mus domesticus). J. Zool. London 211: 605-618.

Berry, R. J., and Peters, J. (1975).
Macquarie Island house mice: a genetical isolate on a sub-Antarctic island. J. Zool. 176: 375-389.

Bickmore, W. A., and Sumner, A. T. (1989).
Mammalian chromosome banding - an expression of genome organization. Trend Genet. 5: 144-148.
See also PubMed.

Bird, A., Lavia, P., MacLeod, D., Lindsay, S., Taggart, M., and Brown, W. (1987).
Mammalian genes and islands of non-methylated CpG-rich DNA. In Human Genetics, Vogel, F. and Sperling, K., eds. (Springer-Verlag, Berlin), pp. 182-186.

Bird, A. P. (1986).
CpG-rich islands and the function of DNA methylation. Nature 321: 209-213.
See also MGI.

Bird, A. P. (1987).
CpG islands as gene markers in the vertebrate nucleus. Trend. Genet. 3: 342-347.

Bishop, C. E. (1992).
Mouse Y chromosome. Mammal. Genome 3: S289-S293.
See also MGI.

Bishop, C. E., Boursot, P., Baron, B., Bonhomme, F., and Hatat, D. (1985).
Most classical Mus musculus domesticus laboratory mouse strains carry a Mus musculus musculus Y chromosome. Nature 325: 70-72.
See also MGI.

Blanchetot, A., Price, M., and Jeffreys, A. J. (1986).
The mouse myoglobin gene. Eur. J. Biochem. 159: 469-474.
See also MGI.

Bode, V. C. (1984).
Ethylnitrosourea mutagenesis and the isolation of mutant alleles for specific genes located in the t-region of mouse chromosome 17. Genetics 108: 457-470.
See also MGI.

Boer, P. H., Adra, C. N., Lau, Y.-F., and McBurney, M. W. (1987).
The testis-specific phosphoglycerate kinase gene pgk-2 is a recruited retroposon. Mol. Cell. Biol. 7: 3107-3112.
See also MGI.

Bohlander, S. K., Espinosa, R., LeBeau, M. M., Rowley, J. D., and Diaz, M. O. (1992).
A method for the rapid sequence-independent amplification of microdissected chromosomal material. Genomics 13: 1322-1324.
See also PubMed.

Bonhomme, F. (1986).
Evolutionary relationships in the genus Mus. Curr. Topics Micro. Immunol. 127: 19-34.
See also PubMed.

Bonhomme, F., Benmehdi, F., Britton-Davidian, J., and Martin, S. (1979).
Analyse génétique de croisements interspécifiques Mus musculus L. X Mus spretus Lataste: liaison de Adh-1 avec Amy-1 sur le chromosome 3 et de Es-14 avec Mod-1 sur le chromosome 9. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris 289: 545-548.
See also MGI.

Bonhomme, F., Britton-Davidian, J., Thaler, L., and Triantaphyllidis, C. (1978).
Sur l'existence en Europe de quatre groupes de souris (genre Mus L.) du rang espèce et semi-espèce, démontrée par la génétique biochimique.
C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris 287: 631-633.
See also PubMed.

Bonhomme, F., Catalan, J., Britton-Davidian, J., V.M., C., Moriwaki, K., Nevo, E., and Thaler, L. (1984).
Biochemical diversity and evolution in the genus Mus. Biochem. Genet. 22: 275-303.
See also MGI.

Bonhomme, F., Catalan, J., Gerasimov, S., Orsini, P., and Thaler, L. (1983).
Le complexe d'espèces du genre Mus en Europe centrale et orientale. I. Génétique. Z. Säugetierkunde 48: 78-85.

Bonhomme, F., and Guénet, J.-L. (1989).
The wild house mouse and its relatives. In Genetic Variants and Strains of the Laboratory Mouse, Lyon, M. F. and Searle, A. G., eds. (Oxford University Press, Oxford), pp. 649-662.
See also MGI.

Bonhomme, F., Guénet, J.-L., and Catalan, J. (1982).
Prèsence d'un facteur de stérilité mâle, Hst-2, segrégant dans les croisements interspécifiques M. musculus L. x M. Spretus Lastaste et lié à Mod-1 et Mpi-1 sur le chromosome 9. C.R. Acad. Sc. Paris 294 Ser. III: 691-693.
See also MGI.

Bonhomme, F., Guénet, J.-L., Dod, B., Moriwaki, K., and Bulfield, G. (1987).
The polyphyletic origin of laboratory inbred mice and their rate of evolution. J. Linnean Soc. 30: 51-58.

Bonhomme, F., Martin, S., and Thaler, L. (1978).
Hybridation en laboratoire de Mus musculus L. et Mus spretus Lataste. Experientia 34: 1140-1141.
See also PubMed.

Botstein, D., White, R. L., Skolnick, M., and Davis, R. W. (1980).
Construction of a genetic linkage map in man using restriction fragment length polymorphisms. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 32: 314-331.
See also PubMed.

Boursot, P., Auffray, J.-C., Britton-Davidian, J., and Bonhomme, F. (1993).
The evolution of house mice. Ann. Rev. Ecol. System. 24: 119-152.
See also MGI.

Boursot, P., Bonhomme, F., Britton-Davidian, J., Catalan, J., Yonekawa, H., Orsini, P., Guerasimov, S., and Thaler, L. (1984).
Introgression diffèrentielle des génomes nucléaires et mitochondriaux chez deux semi-espèces européennes de Souris. C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Série III 299: 365-370.

Boyle, A. L., Ballard, S. G., and Ward, D. C. (1990).
Differential distribution of long and short interspersed element sequences in the mouse genome: Chromosome karyotyping by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 87: 7757-7761.
See also MGI.

Boyse, E. A., Miyazawa, M., Aoki, T., and Old, L. J. (1968).
Ly-A and Ly-B: two systems of lymphocyte isoantigens in the mouse. Proc. Royal Soc. (London) B 170: 175-193.
See also MGI.

Britton, J., and Thaler, L. (1978).
Evidence for the presence of two sympatric species of mice (genus Mus) in southern France based on biochemical genetics. Biochem. Genet. 16: 213-225.
See also PubMed.

Broccoli, D., Miller, O. J., and Miller, D. A. (1992).
Isolation and characterization of a mouse subtelomeric-sequence. Chromosoma 101: 442-447.
See also MGI.

Bronson, F. (1984).
The adaptability of the house mouse. Sci. Amer. 250: (3) 90-97.
See also PubMed.

Bronson, F. H., Dagg, C. P., and Snell, G. D. (1966).
Reproduction. In Biology of the Laboratory Mouse, Green, E. L., eds. (McGraw-Hill, New York), pp. 187-204.
See also Biology of the Laboratory Mouse at MGI.

Brown, S. (1993).
The European Collaborative Interspecific Backcross (EUCIB). Mouse Genome 91: v-xii.

Brown, S. D. M., Avner, P., and Herman, G. (1992).
Mouse X chromosome. Mammal. Genome 3: S274-S288.
See also PubMed.

Bruce, H. M. (1959).
An exteroreceptive block to pregnancy in the mouse. Nature 184: 105.

Bruce, H. M. (1968).
Absence of pregnancy block in mice when stud and test males belong to an inbred strain. J. Reprod. Fert. 17: 407-408.
See also PubMed.

Bryant, S. P. (1991).
Software for genetic linkage analysis. In Protocols in Human Molecular Genetics, Mathew, C. G., eds. (Humana Press, Clifton, NJ).

Bryda, E. C., DePari, J. A., SantAngelo, D. B., Murphy, D. B., and Passmore, H. C. (1992).
Multiple sites of crossing over within the Eb recombinational hotspot in the mouse. Mamm Genome 2: 123-9.
See also MGI.

Buckler, A. J., Chang, D. D., Graw, S. L., Brook, J. D., Haber, D. A., Sharp, P. A., and Housman, D. E. (1991).
Exon amplification: A strategy to isolate mammalian genes based on RNA splicing. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 88: 4005-4009.
See also PubMed.

Burke, D. T., Carle, G. F., and Olson, M. V. (1987).
Cloning of large segments of exogenous DNA into yeast by means of artificial chromosome vectors. Science 236: 806-812.
See also PubMed.

Burke, D. T., Rossi, J. M., Koos, D. S., and Tilghman, S. M. (1991).
A mouse genomic library of yeast artificial chromosome clones. Mammal. Genome 1: 65.
See also PubMed.

Cannizzarro, L. A., and Emanuel, B. E. (1984).
An improved method for G-banding chromosomes after in situ hybridization. Cytogenet Cell Genet 38: 308-309.

Capecchi, M. (1989).
The new mouse genetics: Altering the genome by gene targeting. Trends Genet. 5: 70-76.

Carter, A. T., Norton, J. D., Gibson, Y., and Avery, R. J. (1986).
Expression and transmission of a rodent retrovirus-like VL30 gene family. J. Mol. Biol. 188: 105-108.
See also PubMed.

Carter, T. C. (1954).
The estimation of total genetical map lengths from linkage test data. J. Genet. 53: 21-28.

Carter, T. C., and Falconer, D. S. (1951).
Stocks for detecting linkage in the mouse and the theory of their design. J. Genet. 50: 307-323.

Castle, W. E. (1903).
The laws of Galton and Mendel and some laws governing race improvement by selection. Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts Sci. 35: 233-242.

Cattanach, B. M., and Kirk, M. (1985).
Differential activity of maternally and paternally derived chromosome regions in mice. Nature 315: 469-498.
See also MGI.

Ceci, J. D., Matsuda, Y., Grubber, J. M., Jenkins, N. A., Copeland, N. G., and Chapman, V. M. (1994).
Interspecific backcrosses provide an important tool for centromere mapping of mouse chromosomes. Genomics 19: 515-524.
See also MGI.

Chartier, F. L., Keer, J. T., Sutcliffe, M. J., Henriques, D. A., Mileham, P., and Brown, S. D. M. (1992).
Construction of a mouse yeast artificial chromosome library in a recombination-deficient strain of yeast. Nature Genetics 1: 132-136.
See also MGI.

Chevret, P., Denys, C., Jaeger, J.-J., Michaux, J., and Catzeflis, F. M. (1993).
Molecular evidence that the spiny mouse (Acomys) is more closely related to gerbils (Gerbillinae) than to true mice (Murinae). Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 90: 3433-3436.
See also MGI.

Chisaka, O., and Capecchi, M. R. (1991).
Regionally restricted developmental defects resulting from targeted disruption of the mouse homeobox gene hox-1.5. Nature 350: 473-479.
See also MGI.

Chromosome committee chairs (1993).
Encyclopedia of the Mouse Genome III. Mammal. Genome 4: special issue: S1-S284.

Chumakov, I., Rigault, P., Guillou, S., Ougen, P., Billaut, A., Guasconi, G., Gervy, P., LeGall, I., Soularue, P., Grinas, L., Bougueleret, L., Bellanne-Chantelot, C., Lacroix, B., Barillot, E., Gesnouin, P., Pook, S., Vaysseix, G., Frelat, G., Schmitz, A., Sambucy, J.-L., Bosch, A., Estivill, X., Weissenbach, J., Vignal, A., Riethman, H., Cox, D., Patterson, D., Gardiner, K., Hattori, M., Sakaki, Y., Ichikawa, H., Ohki, M., Le Paslier, D., Heilig, R., Antonarakis, S., and Cohen, D. (1992).
Continuum of overlapping clones spanning the entire human chromosome 21q. Nature 359: 380-387.
See also PubMed.

Cochran, W. G. (1954).
Some methods for strengthening the common Chi-squared tests. Biometrics 10: 417-451.

Collins, F., and Galas, D. (1993).
A new five-year plan for the U.S. human genome project. Science 262: 43-46.
See also PubMed.

Committee on standardized genetic nomenclature for mice (1989).
Rules and guidelines for gene nomenclature. In Genetic Variants and Strains of the Laboratory Mouse, Lyon, M. F. and Searle, A. G., eds. (Oxford University Press, Oxford), pp. 1-12.
See also Mouse Nomenclature Guidelines at MGI.

Cook, M. J. (1983).
Anatomy. In The Mouse in Biomedical Research Vol. 3, Foster, H. L., Small, J. D., and Fox, J. G., eds. (Academic Press, NY), pp. 101-120.

Copeland, N. G., and Jenkins, N. A. (1991).
Development and applications of a molecular genetic linkage map of the mouse genome. Trends Genet 7: 113-8.
See also MGI.

Copeland, N. G., Jenkins, N. A., Gilbert, D. J., Eppig, J. T., Maltais, L. J., Miller, J. C., Dietrich, W. F., Weaver, A., Lincoln, S. E., Steen, R. G., Stein, L. D., Nadeau, J. H., and Lander, E. S. (1993).
A genetic linkage map of the mouse: current applications and future prospects. Science 262: 57-66.
See also MGI.

Corbet, G. B., and Hill, J. E. (1991).
A World List of Mammalian Species. 3rd edition (Oxford University Press, New York).

Cornall, R. J., Aitman, T. J., Hearne, C. M., and Todd, J. A. (1991).
The generation of a library of PCR-analyzed microsatellite variants for genetic mapping of the mouse genome. Genomics 10: 874-881.
See also MGI.

Costantini, F., and Lacy, E. (1981).
Introduction of a rabbit beta-globin gene into the mouse germ line. Nature 294: 92-94.
See also PubMed.

Courtney, M. G., Elder, P. K., Steffen, D. L., and Getz, M. J. (1982).
Evidence for an early evolutionary origin and locus polymorphism of mouse VL30 DNA sequences. J. Virol. 43: 511-518.
See also PubMed.

Cox, D. R., Burmeister, M., Price, E. R., Kim, S., and Myers, R. M. (1990).
Radiation hybrid mapping: a somatic cell genetic method for constructing high-resolution maps of mammalian chromosomes. Science 250: 245-250.

Cox, R. D., Copeland, N. G., Jenkins, N. A., and Lehrach, H. (1991).
Interspersed repetitive element polymerase chain reaction product mapping using a mouse interspecific backcross. Genomics 10: 375-384.
See also MGI.

Cox, R. D., Meier-Ewert, S., Ross, M., Larin, Z., Monaco, A. P., and Leharch, H. (1993).
Genome mapping and cloning of mutations using yeast artificial chromosomes. In Guides to Techniques in Mouse Development. Methods in Enzymology 225, Wassarman, P. M. and DePamphilis, M. L., eds. (Academic Press, San Diego), pp. 623-637.
See also MGI.

Craig, J. M., and Bickmore, W. A. (1993).
Chromosome bands - flavours to savour. Bioessays 15: 349-354.
See also PubMed.

Crow, J. F. (1990).
Mapping functions. Genetics 125: 669-671.
See also PubMed.

Cuénot, L. (1902).
La loi de Mendel et l'hérédité de la pigmentation chez les souris. Arch. Zool. exp. gén., 3e sér. 3: 27-30.

Cuénot, L. (1903).
L'hérédité de la pigmentation chez les souris, 2me note. Arch. zool. exp. gén. 4: 33-38.

Cuénot, L. (1905).
Les races pures et les combinaisons chez les souris. Arch. zool. exp. gén. 4: 123-132.

Cui, X., Gerwin, J., Navidi, W., Li, H., Kuehn, M., and Arnheim, N. (1992).
Gene-centromere linkage mapping by PCR analysis of individual oocytes. Genomics 13: 713-717.
See also PubMed.

D'Eustachio, P., and Clarke, V. (1993).
Localization of the twitcher (twi) mutation on mouse chromosome 12. Mammal. Genome 4: 684-686.
See also MGI.

Daniels, D. L., Plunkett, G., Burland, V., and Blattner, F. R. (1992).
Analysis of the Escherichia coli genome: DNA sequence of the region from 84.5 to 86.5. Science 257: 771-777.

Datta, S. K., Owen, J. E., Womack, J. E., and Riblet, R. J. (1982).
Analysis of recombinant inbred lines derived from "autoimmune" (NZB) and "high leukemia" (C58) strains: independent multigenic systems control B cell hyperactivity, retrovirus expression, and autoimmunity. J. Immunol. 129: 1539-1544.
See also MGI.

Davisson, M. T. (1990).
The Jackson Laboratory Mouse Mutant Resource. Lab Animal 19: 23.

Davisson, M. T. (1993).
Personal communication.

Davisson, M. T., and Akeson, E. C. (1993).
Recombination suppression by heterozygous Robertsonian chromosomes in the mouse. Genetics 133: 649-667.
See also MGI.

Davisson, M. T., and Roderick, T. H. (1989).
Linkage map. In Genetic Variants and Strains of the Laboratory Mouse, Lyon, M. F. and Searle, A. G., eds. (Oxford University Press, Oxford), pp. 416-427.

Davisson, M. T., Roderick, T. H., and Doolittle, D. P. (1989).
Recombination percentages and chromosomal assignments. In Genetic Variants and Strains of the Laboratory Mouse, Lyon, M. F. and Searle, A. G., eds. (Oxford University Press, Oxford), pp. 432-505.
See also MGI.

Dayhoff, M. O. (1978).
Survey of new data and computer methods of analysis. In Atlas of Protein Sequence and Structure 5, supp. 3, Dayhoff, M. O., eds. (National Biomedical Research Foundation, Silver Springs, MD), pp. 2-8.

de Boer, P., and Groen, A. (1974).
Fertility and meiotic behavior of male T70H tertiary trisomics of the mouse (Mus musculus). A case of preferential telomeric meiotic pairing in a mammal. Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 13: 489-510.

DeChiara, T. M., Robertson, E. J., and Efstratiadis, A. (1991).
Parental imprinting of the mouse Insulin-like growth factor II gene. Cell 64: 849-859.
See also MGI.

Demant, P., and Hart, A. A. M. (1986).
Recombinant congenic strains - a new tool for analyzing genetic traits determined by more than one gene. Immunogenetics 24: 416-422.
See also PubMed.

den Dunnen, J. T., and van Ommen, G.-J. B. (1991).
Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. In Protocols in Human Molecular Genetics. Methods in Molecular Biology 9, Mathew, C. G., eds. (Humana Press, Clifton, NJ), pp. 169-182.

Dietrich, W., Katz, H., Lincoln, S., Shin, H.-S., Friedman, J., Dracopoli, N. C., and Lander, E. (1992).
A genetic map of the mouse suitable for typing intraspecific crosses. Genetics 131: 423-447.
See also MGI.

Dobrovolskaia-Zavadskaia, N. (1927).
Sur la mortification spontanée de la queue chez la souris nouveau-née et sur l'existence d'un caractère (facteur) héréditaire <non viable>. C. r. Séanc. Soc. Biol. 97: 114-116.
See also MGI.

Donehower, L. A., Harvey, M., Slagle, B. L., McArthur, M. J., Montgomery Jr., C. A., Butel, J. S., and Bradley, A. (1992).
Mice deficient for p53 are developmentally normal but susceptible to spontaneous tumours. Nature 356: 215-221.
See also MGI.

Donis-Keller, H., Green, P., Helms, C., Cartinhour, S., Weiffenbach, B., Stephens, K., Keith, T., Bowden, D., Smith, D., Lander, E., Botstein, D., Akots, G., Rediker, K., Gravius, T., Brown, V., Rising, M., Parker, C., Powers, J., Watt, D., Kauffman, E., Bricker, A., Phipps, P., Muller-Kahle, H., Fulton, T., Ng, S., Schumm, J., Braman, J., Knowlton, R., Barker, D., Crooks, S., Lincoln, S., Daly, M., and Abrahamson, J. (1987).
A genetic linkage map of the human genome. Cell 51: 319-337.
See also PubMed.

Dover, G. (1982).
Molecular drive: a cohesive mode of species evolution. Nature 299: 111-117.
See also PubMed.

Drouet, B., and Simon-Chazottes, D. (1993).
The microsatellite found in the DNA sequence with the code name MMMYOGG1 (GenBank) does not correspond to the myogenin gene (Myog) but to myoglobin (Mb) and maps to mouse Chromosome 15. Mammal. Genome 4: 348.
See also MGI.

Dunn, L. C. (1965).
A Short History of Genetics. (McGraw-Hill, New York).

Eddy, E. M., O'Brien, D. A., and Welch, J. E. (1991).
Mammalian sperm development in vivo and in vitro. In Elements of Mammalian Fertilization, Vol. 1, Wassarman, P. M., eds. (CRC Press, Boston), pp. 1-28.

Eicher, E. M. (1971).
The identification of the chromosome bearing linkage group XII in the mouse. Genetics 69: 267-271.
See also MGI.

Eicher, E. M. (1978).
Murine ovarian teratomas and parthenotes as cytogenetic tools. Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 20: 232-239.
See also MGI.

Eicher, E. M., and Shown, E. P. (1993).
Molecular markers that define the distal ends of mouse autosomes 4, 13, and 19 and the sex chromosomes. Mammal. Genome 4: 226-229.
See also MGI.

Elliott, R. (1979).
Mouse variants studied by two-dimensional electrophoresis. Mouse News Lett 61: 59.
See also MGI.

Elliott, R. W., and Yen, C.-H. (1991).
DNA variants with telomere probe enable genetic mapping of ends of mouse chromosomes. Mammal. Genome 1: 118-122.
See also MGI.

Elston, R. C., and Stewart, J. (1971).
A general model for the genetic analysis of pedigree data. Hum. Hered. 21: 523-542.
See also PubMed.

Ephrussi, B., and Weiss, M. C. (1969).
Hybrid somatic cells. Scient. Amer. 220 (April): 26-34.

Eppig, J. T., and Eicher, E. M. (1983).
Application of the ovarian teratoma mapping method in the mouse. Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 20: 232-239.
See also MGI.

Eppig, J. T., and Eicher, E. M. (1988).
Analysis of recombination in the centromere region of mouse chromosome 7 using ovarian teratoma and backcross methods. J. Hered. 79: 425-429.
See also MGI.

Erickson, R. P. (1989).
Why isn't a mouse more like a man. Trend. Genet. 5: 1-3.
See also PubMed.

Erlich, H. A., eds. (1989).
PCR Technology (Stockton Press, New York).

Evans, E. P. (1989).
Standard Normal Chromosomes. In Genetic Variants and Strains of the Laboratory Mouse, Lyon, M. F. and Searle, A. G., eds. (Oxford University Press, Oxford), pp. 576-581.
See also MGI.

Farr, C. J. (1991).
The analysis of point mutations using synthetic oligonucleotide probes. In Protocols in Human Molecular Genetics, Methods in Molecular Biology 9, Mathew, C., eds. (Humana Press, Clifton, NJ), pp. 69-84.

Farr, C. J., and Goodfellow, P. N. (1992).
Hidden messages in genetic maps. Science 258: 49.
See also PubMed.

Feingold, M. (1980).
Preface. In Josephine: The Mouse Singer (A Play), McClure, M., eds. (New Directions Books, New York).

Ferguson-Smith, A. C., Reik, W., and Surani, M. A. (1990).
Genomic imprinting and cancer. Cancer Surv. 9: 487-503.
See also PubMed.

Ferris, S. D., Sage, R. D., Huang, C.-M., Nielson, J. T., Ritte, U., and Wilson, A. C. (1983a).
Flow of mitochondrial DNA across a species boundary. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 80: 2290-2294.
See also PubMed.

Ferris, S. D., Sage, R. D., Prager, E. M., Titte, U., and Wilson, A. C. (1983b).
Mitochondrial DNA evolution in mice. Genetics 105: 681-721.
See also MGI.

Ferris, S. D., Sage, R. D., and Wilson, A. C. (1982).
Evidence from mtDNA sequences that common laboratory strains of inbred mice are descended from a single female. Nature 295: 163-165.
See also PubMed.

Field, K. G., Olsen, G. J., Lane, D. J., Giovannoni, S. J., Ghiselin, M. T., Raff, E. C., Pace, N. R., and Raff, R. A. (1988).
Molecular phylogeny of the animal kingdom. Science 239: 748-753.
See also PubMed.

Fiering, S., Kim, C. G., Epner, E. M., and Groudine, M. (1993).
An "in-out" strategy using gene targeting and FLP recombinase for the functional dissection of complex DNA regulatory elements: analysis of the β-globin locus control region. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 90: 8469-8473.
See also PubMed.

Fischer, S. G., and Lerman, L. S. (1983).
DNA fragments differing by single-base pair substitutions are separated in denaturing gradient gels: Correspondence with melting theory. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 80: 1579-1583.
See also PubMed.

Fisher, R. A. (1936).
Has Mendel's work been rediscovered? Annals of Science 1: 115-137.

Fitzgerald, J., Wilcox, S. A., Graves, J. A. M., and Dahl, H.-H. M. (1993).
A eutherian X-linked gene, PDHA1, is autosomal in marsupials: A model for the evolution of a second, testis-specific variant in eutherian mammals. Genomics 18: 636-642.
See also PubMed.

Flaherty, L. (1981).
Congenic strains. In The Mouse in Biomedical Research, Vol. 1, Foster, H. L., Small, J. D., and Fox, J. G., eds. (Academic Press, N.Y.), pp. 215-222.

Foote, S., Vollrath, D., Hilton, A., and Page, D. C. (1992).
The human Y chromosome: overlapping DNA clones spanning the euchromatic region. Science 258: 60-66.
See also MGI.

Forrest, S. (1993).
Genetic algorithims: principles of natural selection applied to computation. Science 261: 872-878.
See also PubMed.

Frankel, W. N., Lee, B. K., Sotye, J. P., Coffin, J. M., and Eicher, E. M. (1992).
Characterization of the endogenous nonecotropic murine leukemia viruses of NZB/BINJ and SM/J inbred strains. Mammal. Genome 2: 110-122.
See also MGI.

Frankel, W. N., Stoye, J. P., Taylor, B. A., and Coffin, J. M. (1990).
A genetic linkage map of endogenous murine leukemia proviruses. Genetics 124: 221-236.
See also MGI.

Friedrich, G., and Soriano, P. (1991).
Promoter traps in embryonic stem cells: a genetic screen to identify and mutate developmental genes in mice. Genes Dev 5: 1513-23.
See also PubMed.

Gall, J. G., and Pardue, M. L. (1969).
Formation and detection of RNA-DNA hybrid molecules in cytological preparations. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 63: 378-382.
See also PubMed.

Gardner, M. B., Kozak, C. A., and O'Brien, S. J. (1991).
The Lake Casitas wild mouse: evolving genetic resistance to retroviral disease. Trend Genet. 7: 22-27.
See also MGI.

Garrels, J. I. (1983).
Quantitative two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of proteins. Methods Enzymol 100: 411-423.
See also PubMed.

Gasser, D. L., Sternberg, N. L., Pierce, J. C., Goldner, S. A., Feng, H., Haq, A. K., Spies, T., Hunt, C., Buetow, K. H., and Chaplin, D. D. (1994).
P1 and cosmid clones define the organization of 280 kb of the mouse H-2 complex containing the Cps-1 and Hsp70 loci. Immunogenetics 39: 48-55.
See also MGI.

Geliebter, J., and Nathenson, S. G. (1987).
Recombination and the concerted evolution of the murine MHC. Trends Genet 3: 107-112.

Gendron-Maguire, M., and Gridley, T. (1993).
Identification of transgenic mice. In Guides to Techniques in Mouse Development, Methods in Enzymology 225, Wassarman, P. M. and DePamphilis, M. L., eds. (Academic Press, San Diego), pp. 794-799.
See also PubMed.

Giacalone, J., Friedes, J., and Francke, U. (1992).
A novel GC-rich human macrosatellite VNTR in Xq24 is differentially methylated on active and inactive X chromosomes. Nature Genetics 1: 137-143.
See also PubMed.

Goradia, T. M., Stanton, V. P., Cui, X., Aburatani, H., Li, H., Lange, K., Housman, D. E., and Arnheim, N. (1991).
Ordering three DNA polymorphisms on human chromosome 3 by sperm typing. Genomics 10: 748-755.
See also PubMed.

Gordon, J. W., and Ruddle, F. H. (1981).
Integration and stable germ line transmission of genes injected into mouse pronuclei. Science 214: 1244-1246.
See also PubMed.

Gossler, A., Joyner, A. L., Rossant, J., and Skarnes, W. C. (1989).
Mouse embryonic stem cells and reporter constructs to detect developmentally regulated genes. Science 244: 463-5.
See also MGI.

Graff, R. J. (1978).
Minor histocompatibility genes and their antigens. In Origins of Inbred Mice, Morse, H. C., eds. (Academic Press, New York), pp. 371-389.
See also Origins of Inbred Mice at MGI.

Graur, D., Hide, W. A., and Li, W.-H. (1991).
Is the guinea-pig a rodent? Nature 351: 649-652.
See also PubMed.

Gray, J. W., Dean, P. N., Fuscoe, J. C., Peters, D. C., and Trask, B. J. (1987).
High-speed chromosome sorting. Science 238: 323-329.
See also PubMed.

Green, E. D., and Olson, M. V. (1990).
Systematic screening of yeast artificial-chromosome libraries by use of the polymerase chain reaction. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 87: 1213-1217.
See also PubMed.

Green, E. L. (1981).
Genetics and Probability in Animal Breeding Experiments. (Oxford University Press, New York).

Green, E. L., and Roderick, T. H. (1966).
Radiation Genetics. In Biology of the Laboratory Mouse, Green, E. L., eds. (McGraw-Hill, New York), pp. 165-185.
See also Biology of the Laboratory Mouse at MGI.

Green, M. C. (1966).
Mutant genes and linkages. In Biology of the Laboratory Mouse, Green, E. L., eds. (McGraw-Hill, New York), pp. 87-150. See also Biology of the Laboratory Mouse at MGI.

Green, M. C. (1989).
Catalog of mutant genes and polymorphic loci. In Genetic Variants and Strains of the Laboratory Mouse, Lyon, M. F. and Searle, A. G., eds. (Oxford University Press, Oxford), pp. 12-403.
See also MGI.

Green, M. C., and Witham, B. A., eds. (1991).
Handbook on Genetically Standardized JAX Mice fourth edition (The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor).
See also MGI.

Gropp, A., Winking, H., Zech, L., and Muller, H. (1972).
Robertsonian chromosomal variation and identification of metacentric chromosomes in feral mice. Chromosoma 39: 265-288.
See also MGI.

Grosveld, F., Blom van Assendelft, G., Greaves, D. R., and Kollias, G. (1987).
Position-independent, high-level expression of the human beta-globin gene in transgenic mice. Cell 51: 975-985.
See also PubMed.

Grüneberg, H. (1943).
The Genetics of the Mouse. (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge).

Guénet, J.-L., Nagamine, C., Simon-Chazottes, D., Montagutelli, X., and Bonhomme, F. (1990).
Hst3: an X-linked hybrid sterility gene. Genet Res Camb 56: 163.
See also MGI.

Gyllensten, U., and Wilson, A. C. (1987).
Interspecific mitochondrial DNA transfer and the colonization of Scandinavia by mice. Genet. Res. Camb. 49: 25-29.
See also MGI.

Hagag, N. G., and Viola, M. V. (1993).
Chromosome microdissection and cloning. (Academic Press, San Diego).

Haig, D., and Graham, C. (1991).
Genomic imprinting and the strange case of the insulin-like growth factor II receptor. Cell 64: 1045-1046.
See also PubMed.

Haldane, J. B. S. (1919).
The mapping function. J. Genet. 8: 299-309.

Haldane, J. B. S. (1922).
Sex ratio and unisexual sterility in hybrid animals. J. Genetics 12: 101-109.

Haldane, J. B. S., Sprunt, A. D., and Haldane, N. M. (1915).
Reduplication in mice. J. Genet. 5: 133-135.
See also MGI.

Haldane, J. B. S., and Waddington, C. H. (1931).
Inbreeding and linkage. Genetics 16: 357-374.
See also MGI.

Hamada, H., and Kakunaga, T. (1982).
Potential Z-DNA forming sequences are highly dispersed in the human genome. Nature 298: 396-398.
See also PubMed.

Hamada, H., Petrino, M. G., and Kakunaga, T. (1982).
A novel repeated element with Z-DNA-forming potential is widely found in evolutionarily diverse eukaryotic genomes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 79: 6465-6469.
See also PubMed.

Hammer, M. F., Bliss, S., and Silver, L. M. (1991).
Genetic exchange across a paracentric inversion of the mouse t complex. Genetics 128: 799-812.
See also PubMed.

Hammer, M. F., Schimenti, J., and Silver, L. M. (1989).
Evolution of mouse chromosome 17 and the origin of inversions associated with t haplotypes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 86: 3261-5.
See also MGI.

Hammer, M. F., and Silver, L. M. (1993).
Phylogenetic analysis of the alpha-globin pseudogene-4 (Hba-ps4) locus in the house mouse species complex reveals a stepwise evolution of t haplotypes. Mol. Biol. Evol. 10: 971-1001.
See also PubMed.

Hanscombe, O., Whyatt, D., Fraser, P., Yannoutsos, N., Greaves, D., Dillon, N., and Grosveld, F. (1991).
Importance of globin gene order for correct developmental expression. Genes Develop 5: 1387-1394.
See also PubMed.

Harbers, K., Jahner, D., and Jaenisch, R. (1981).
Microinjection of cloned retroviral genomes into mouse zygotes: Integration and expression in the animal. Nature 293: 540-542.
See also PubMed.

Harding, R. M., Boyce, A. J., and Clegg, J. B. (1992).
The evolution of tandemly repetitive DNA: recombination rules. Genetics 132: 847-859.
See also PubMed.

Harper, M. E., Ullrich, A., and Saunders, G. F. (1981).
Localization of the human insulin gene to the distal end of the short arm of chromosome 11. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 78: 4458-4460.
See also MGI.

Hasties, N. D. (1989).
Highly repeated DNA families in the genome of Mus musculus. In Genetic Variants and Strains of the Laboratory Mouse, Lyon, M. F. and Searle, A. G., eds. (Oxford University Press, Oxford), pp. 559-573.

Hasties, N. D., and Bishop, J. O. (1976).
The expression of three abundance classes of messenger RNA in mouse tissues. Cell 9: 761-774.
See also PubMed.

Hasty, P., Ramirez-Solis, R., Krumlauf, R., and Bradley, A. (1991).
Introduction of a subtle mutation into the Hox 2.6 locus in embryonic stem cells. Nature 351: 234-246.
See also PubMed.

Hatada, I., Hayashizaki, Y., Hirotsune, S., Komatsubara, H., and Mukai, T. (1991).
A genomic scanning method for higher organisms using restriction sites as landmarks. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 88: 9523-7.
See also MGI.

Hearne, C. M., Ghosh, S., and Todd, J. A. (1992).
Microsatellites for linkage analysis of genetic traits. Trends Genet. 8: 288-294.
See also PubMed.

Helmuth, R. (1990).
Nonisotopic detection of PCR products. In PCR protocols, Innis, M. A., Gelfand, D. H., Sninsky, J. J., and White, T. J., eds. (Academic Press, San Diego), pp. 119-128.

Henry, I., Bonaiti-Pellie, C., Chehensse, V., Beldjord, C., Schwartz, C., Utermann, G., and Junien, C. (1991).
Uniparental paternal disomy in a genetic cancer-predisposing syndrome. Nature 351: 665-667.
See also PubMed.

Henson, V., Palmer, L., Banks, S., Nadeau, J. H., and Carlson, G. A. (1991).
Loss of heterozygosity and mitotic linkage maps in the mouse. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 88: 6486-6490.
See also MGI.

Herman, G. E., Berry, M., Munro, E., Craig, I. W., and Levy, E. R. (1991).
The construction of human somatic cell hybrids containing portions of the mouse X chromosome and their use to generate DNA probes via interspersed repetitive sequence polymerase chain reaction. Genomics 10: 961-970.
See also MGI.

Herman, G. E., Nadeau, J. H., and Hardies, S. C. (1992).
Dispersed repetitive elements in mouse genome analysis. Mammal. Genome 2: 207-214.
See also MGI.

Herrmann, B. G., Barlow, D. P., and Lehrach, H. (1987).
A large inverted duplication allows homologous recombination between chromosomes heterozygous for the proximal t complex inversion. Cell 48: 813-825.
See also MGI.

Hilgers, J., and Arends, J. W. A. (1985).
A series of recombinant inbred strains between the BALB/cHeA and STS/A strains. Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol. 122: 31-37.
See also MGI.

Hilgers, J., and Poort-Keeson, R. (1986).
Strain distribution pattern of genetic polymorphisms between BALB/cHeA and STS/A strains. Mouse News Lett. 76: 14-20.
See also MGI.

Hillyard, A. L., Doolittle, D. P., Davisson, M. T., and Roderick, T. H. (1992).
Locus map of the mouse. Mouse Genome 90: 8-21.

Himmelbauer, H., and Silver, L. M. (1993).
High resolution comparative mapping of mouse chromosome 17. Genomics 17: 110-120.
See also MGI.

Hochgeschwender, U. (1992).
Toward a transcriptional map of the human genome. Trends Genet 8: 41-44.
See also PubMed.

Hogan, B., Beddington, R., Costantini, F., and Lacy, E. (1994).
Manipulating the Mouse Embryo: A Laboratory Manual, Second Edition. (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor).

Hood, L. (1992).
Personal communication.

Hood, L., Kronenberg, M., and Hunkapiller, T. (1985).
T cell antigen receptors and the immunoglobulin supergene family. Cell 40: 225-229.
See also MGI.

Horiuchi, Y., Agulnik, A., Figueroa, F., Tichy, H., and Klein, J. (1992).
Polymorphisms distinguishing different mouse species and t haplotypes. Genet. Res. 60: 43-52.
See also MGI.

Horz, W., and Altenburger, W. (1981).
Nucleotide sequence of mouse satellite DNA. Nucl. Acids Res. 9: 683-696.
See also PubMed.

Huntington's Disease Collaborative Research Group (1993).
A novel gene containing a trinucleotide repeat that is expanded and unstable on Huntington's disease chromosomes. Cell 72: 971-983.
See also PubMed.

Huxley, A. (1932).
Brave New World. (Doubleday, Doran & Co., Garden City, NY).

Innis, M. A., Gelfand, D. H., Sninsky, J. J., and White, T. J., eds. (1990).
PCR protocols(Academic Press, San Diego).

Jaeger, J.-J., Tong, H., and Denys, C. (1986).
The age of Mus-Rattus divergence: paleontological data compared with the molecular clock. C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris 302 (ser. II): 917-922.

Jaenisch, R. (1976).
Germ line integration and Mendelian transmission of the exogenous Molony leukemia virus. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 73: 1260-1264.
See also PubMed.

Jahn, C. L., Hutchison, C. A., Phillips, S. J., Weaver, S., Haigwood, N. L., Voliva, C. F., and Edgell, M. H. (1980).
DNA sequence organization of the beta-globin complex in the BALB/c mouse. Cell 21: 159-168.
See also PubMed.

Jakobovits, A., Moore, A. L., Green, L. L., Vergara, G. J., Maynard-Currie, C. E., Austin, H. A., and Klapholz, S. (1993).
Germ-line transmission and expression of a human-derived yeast artificial chromosome. Nature 362: 255-258.
See also PubMed.

Jan, Y. N., and Jan, L. Y. (1993).
Functional gene cassettes in development. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 90: 8305-8307.
See also PubMed.

Jarman, A. P., and Wells, R. A. (1989).
Hypervariable minisatellites: recombinations or innocent bystanders? Trends Genet 5: 367-371.
See also PubMed.

Jeang, K. T., and Hayward, G. S. (1983).
A cytomegalovirus DNA sequence containing tracts of tandemly repeated CA dinucleotides hybridizes to highly repetitive dispersed elements in mammalian cell genomes. Mol. Cell. Biol. 3: 1389.
See also PubMed.

Jeffreys, A. J., Royle, N. J., Wilson, V., and Wong, Z. (1988).
Spontaneous mutation rates to new length alleles at tandem-repetitive hypervariable loci in human DNA. Nature 332: 278-281.
See also PubMed.

Jeffreys, A. J., Wilson, V., Kelly, R., Tayor, B. A., and Bulfield, G. (1987).
Mouse DNA "fingerprints": Analysis of chromosome localization and germ-line stability of hypervariable loci in recombinant inbred strains. Nucl Acids Res 15: 2823-2836.
See also MGI.

Jeffreys, A. J., Wilson, V., and Thein, S. L. (1985).
Individual-specific 'fingerprints' of human DNA. Nature 316: 76-79.
See also PubMed.

Jenkins, N. A., and Copeland, N. G. (1985).
High frequency germline acquisition of ecotropic MuLV proviruses in SWR/J-RF/J hybrid mice. Cell 43: 811-819.
See also MGI.

Jenkins, N. A., Copeland, N. G., Taylor, B. A., and Lee, B. K. (1982).
Organization, distribution, and stability of endogenous ecotropic murine leukemia virus DNA sequences in chromosomes of Mus musculus. J. Virol. 43: 26-36.
See also MGI.

John, H., Birnstiel, M. L., and Jones, K. N. (1969).
RNA-DNA hybrids at the cytological level. Nature 223: 582-585.
See also PubMed.

Johnson, D. R. (1974).
Hairpin-Tail: a case of post-reductional gene action in the mouse egg? Genetics 76: 795-805.
See also MGI.

Joyner, A., eds. (1993).
Gene targeting: A practical approach (Oxford University Press, New York).

Joyner, A. L., Auerbach, A., and Skarnes, W. C. (1992).
The gene trap approach in embryonic stem cells: the potential for genetic screens in mice. Ciba Found Symp 165: 277-88.
See also PubMed.

Joyner, A. L., Skarnes, W. C., and Rossant, J. (1989).
Production of a mutation in the mouse En-2 gene by homologous recombination in embryonic stem cells. Nature 338: 153-156.
See also PubMed.

Julier, C., DeGouyon, B., Georges, M., Guénet, J.-L., Nakamura, Y., and Avner, P. (1990).
Minisatellite linkage maps in the mouse by cross-hybridization with human probes containing tandem repeats. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 87: 4585-4589.
See also MGI.

Kasahara, M., Figueroa, F., and Klein, J. (1987).
Random cloning of genes from mouse chromosome 17. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 84: 3325-3328.
See also MGI.

Keeler, C. E. (1931).
The Laboratory Mouse. Its Origin, Heredity, and Culture. (Harvard University Press, Cambridge).
See also MGI.

Keller, E. F. (1983).
A Feeling for the Organism: The Life and Work of Barbara McClintock.(W. H. Freeman, New York).

Kerr, R. (1991).
Extinction potpourri: Killers and victims. Science 254: 942-943.

Kerr, R. A. (1992).
Extinction by a one-two comet punch? Science 255: 160-161.

Kerr, R. A. (1993).
Second Crater Points to Killer Comets. Science 259: 1543.

Keshet, E., and Itin, A. (1982).
Patterns of genomic distribution and sequence heterogeneity of a murine "retrovirus-like" multigene family. J. Virol. 43: 50-58.
See also PubMed.

Kevles, D. J., and Hood, L., eds. (1992).
The Code of Codes: Scientific and Social Issues in the Human Genome Project (Harvard University Press, Boston).

Kidd, S., Lockett, T. J., and Young, M. W. (1983).
The Notch locus of Drosophila melanogaster. Cell 34: 421-433.
See also PubMed.

King, T. R., Dove, W. F., Herrmann, B., Moser, A. R., and Shedlovsky, A. (1989).
Mapping to molecular resolution in the T to H-2 region of the mouse genome with a nested set of meiotic recombinants. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86: 222-226.
See also MGI.

Kingsley, D. M., Bland, A. E., Grubber, J. M., Marker, P. C., Russell, L. B., Copeland, N. G., and Jenkins, N. A. (1992).
The mouse short ear skeletal morphogenesis locus is associated with defects in a bone morphogenetic member of the TGFbeta superfamily. Cell 71: 399-410.
See also MGI.

Kit, S. (1961).
Equilibrium sedimentation in density gradients of DNA preparations from animal tissues. J. Mol. Biol. 3: 711-716.

Klein, J. (1986).
Natural History of the Major Histocompatibility Complex. (John Wiley & Sons, New York).
See also MGI.

Knight, A. M., and Dyson, P. J. (1990).
Detection of DNA polymorphisms between two inbred mouse strains--limitations of restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs). Mol Cell Probes 4: 497-504.
See also MGI.

Korenberg, J. R., and Rykowski, M. C. (1988).
Human genome organization: Alu, Lines, and the molecular structure of metaphase chromosome bands. Cell 53: 391-400.
See also PubMed.

Kosambi, D. D. (1944).
The estimation of map distances from recombination values. Ann. Eugenics 12: 172-175.

Kozak, C., Peters, G., Pauley, R., Morris, V., Michalides, R., Dudley, J., and others (1987).
A standardized nomenclature for endogenous mouse mammary tumor viruses. J. Virol. 61: 1651-1654.
See also MGI.

Kramer, J. M., and Erickson, R. P. (1981).
Developmental program of PGK-1 and PGK-2 isozymes in spermatogenic cells of the mouse: Specific activities and rates of synthesis. Dev. Biol. 87: 37-45.
See also PubMed.

Kunkel, L. M., Monaco, A. P., Middlesworth, W., Ochs, H. D., and Latt, S. A. (1985).
Specific cloning of DNA fragments absent from the DNA of a male patient with an X-chromosome deletion. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 82: 4778-4782.
See also PubMed.

Kusumi, K., Smith, J. S., Segre, J. A., Koos, D. S., and Lander, E. S. (1993).
Construction of a large-insert yeast artificial chromosome library of the mouse genome. Mammal. Genome 4: 391-392.
See also MGI.

Kwiatkowski, D. J., Dib, C., Slaugenhaupt, S. A., Povey, S., Gusella, J. F., and Haines, J. L. (1993).
An index marker map of chromosome 9 provides strong evidence for positive interference. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 53: 1279-1288.
See also PubMed.

Laird, C. D. (1971).
Chromatid structure: relationship between DNA content and nucleotide sequence diversity. Chromosoma 32: 378-406.
See also PubMed.

Landegren, U., Kaiser, R., and Hood, L. (1990).
Oligonucleotide ligation assay. In PCR Protocols, Innis, M. A., Gelfand, D. H., Sninsky, J. J., and White, T. J., eds. (Academic Press, San Diego), pp. 92-98.

Landegren, U., Kaiser, R., Sanders, J., and Hood, L. (1988).
A ligase-mediated gene detection technique. Science 241: 1077-1080.
See also PubMed.

Lander, E. S., Green, P., Abrahamson, J., Barlow, A., Daly, M. J., Lincoln, S. E., and Newburg, L. (1987).
MAPMAKER: an interactive computer package for constructing primary genetic linkage maps of experimental and natural populations. Genomics 1: 174-81.
See also PubMed.

Larin, Z., Monaco, A. P., and Lehrach, H. (1991).
Yeast artificial chromosome libraries containing large inserts from mouse and human DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 88: 4123-7.
See also MGI.

Larin, Z., Monaco, A. P., Meier-Ewert, S., and Leharch, H. (1993).
Construction and characterization of yeast artificial chromosome libraries from the mouse genome. In Guides to Techniques in Mouse Development, Methods in Enzymology 225, Wassarman, P. M. and DePamphilis, M. L., eds. (Academic Press, San Diego), pp. 623-637.

Laurie, D. A., and Hulten, M. A. (1985).
Further studies on chiasma distribution and interference in the human male. Ann. Hum. Genet. 49: 203-214.
See also PubMed.

Lawrence, J. B. (1990).
A fluorescence in situ hybridization approach for gene mapping and the study of nuclear organization. In Genetic and Physical Mapping, Genome Analysis 1, Davies, K. E. and Tilghman, S., eds. (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, NY), pp. 1-328.

Leder, A., Swan, D., Ruddle, F., D'Eustachio, P., and Leder, P. (1981).
Dispersion of alpha-like globin genes of the mouse to three different chromosomes. Nature 293: 196-200.
See also MGI.

LeRoy, H., Simon-Chazottes, D., Montagutelli, X., and Guénet, J.-L. (1992).
A set of anonymous DNA clones as markers for mouse gene mapping. Mammal. Genome 3: 244-246.

Levenson, C., and Chang, C.-A. (1990).
Nonisotopically labelled probes and primers. In PCR protocols, Innis, M. A., Gelfand, D. H., Sninsky, J. J., and White, T. J., eds. (Academic Press, San Diego), pp. 99-112.

Li, H., Gyllensten, U. B., Cui, X., Saiki, R. K., Erlich, H. A., and Arnheim, N. (1988).
Amplification and analysis of DNA sequences in single human sperm and diploid cells. Nature 335: 414-417.
See also PubMed.

Lindsay, S., and Bird, A. P. (1987).
Use of restriction enzymes to detect potential gene sequences in mammalian DNA. Nature 327: 336-338.
See also PubMed.

Lisitsyn, N., Lisitsyn, N., and Wigler, M. (1993).
Cloning the differences between two complex genomes. Science 259: 946-951.
See also PubMed.

Lister, C., and Dean, C. (1993).
Recombinant inbred lines for mapping RFLP and phenotypic markers in Arabidopsis thaliana. The Plant Journal 4: 745-750.

Little, C. C., and Bagg, H. J. (1924).
The occurrence of four inheritable morphological variations in mice and their possible relation to treatment with X-rays. J. Exp. Zool. 41: 45-92.
See also MGI.

Little, P. (1993).
Huntington's disease. The end of the beginning. Nature 362: 408-409.
See also PubMed.

Love, J. M., Knight, A. M., McAleer, M. A., and Todd, J. A. (1990).
Towards construction of a high resolution map of the mouse genome using PCR-analyzed microsatellites. Nuc. Acids Res. 18: 4123-4130.
See also MGI.

Lovett, M., Kere, J., and Hinton, L. M. (1991).
Direct selection: A method for the isolation of cDNAs encoded by large genomic regions. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 88: 9628-9632.
See also PubMed.

Lowe, T., Sharefkin, J., Yang, S.-Q., and Dieffenbach, C. W. (1990).
A computer program for selection of oligonucleotide primers for polymerase chain reactions. Nucleic Acids Res 18: 1757-1761.
See also PubMed.

Ludecke, H.-J., Senger, G., Claussen, U., and Horsthemke, B. (1989).
Cloning defined regions of the human genome by microdissection of banded chromosomes and enzymatic amplification. Nature 338: 348-350.
See also PubMed.

Lueders, K. K., and Kuff, E. L. (1977).
Sequences associated with intracisternal A-particles are reiterated in the mouse genome. Cell 12: 963-972.
See also MGI.

Lyon, M. F., and Kirby, M. C. (1992).
Mouse chromosome atlas. Mouse Genome 90:22-44.

Lyon, M. F., and Searle, A. G., eds. (1989).
Genetic Variants and Strains of the Laboratory Mouse. 2nd (Oxford University Press, Oxford).

Maniatis, T., Fritsch, E. F., and Sambrook, J. (1982).
Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual. (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY).

Manly, K. F. (1993).
A Macintosh program for storage and analysis of experimental genetic mapping data. Mammal. Genome 4: 303-313.
See also PubMed.

Marchuk, D. A., and Collins, F. S. (1994).
The use of YACs to identify expressed sequences: cDNA screening using total YAC insert. In YAC Libraries, A User's Guide, Nelson, D. L. and Brownstein, B. H., eds. (W.H. Freeman and Company, New York)

Mariat, D., and Vergnaud, G. (1992).
Detection of polymorphic loci in complex genomes with synthetic tandem repeats. Genomics 12: 454-458.
See also MGI.

Mariat, D.,De Gouyon, B., Julier, C., Lathrop, M., and Vergnaud, G. (1993)
Genetic mapping through the use of synthetic tandem repeats in the mouse genome. Mamm Genome 4: 135-140.
See also MGI.

Marshall, C. J. (1991).
Tumor suppressor genes. Cell 64: 313.
See also PubMed.

Marshall, J. D., Mu, J.-L., Nesbitt, M. N., Frankel, W. N., and Paigen, B. (1992).
The AXB and BXA set of recombinant inbred mouse strains. Mammal. Genome 3: 669-680.
See also MGI.

Marshall, J. T. (1981).
Taxonomy. In The Mouse in Biomedical Research, Vol. 1, Foster, H. L., Small, J. D., and Fox, J. G., eds. (Academic Press, N.Y.), pp. 17-26.

Martin, G. B., Brommonschenkel, S. H., Chunwongse, J., Frary, A., Ganal, M. W.,
Spivey, R., Wu, T., Earle, E. D., and Tanksley, S. D. (1993).
Map-based cloning of a protein kinase gene conferring disease resistance in tomato. Science 262: 1432-1436.
See also PubMed.

Martin, S. L. (1991).
LINEs. Curr. Opin. Genet. Develop. 1: 505-508.
See also PubMed.

Matsuda, Y., and Chapman, V. M. (1991).
In situ analysis of centromeric satellite DNA segregating in Mus species crosses. Mammal. Genome 1: 71-77.
See also PubMed.

Matsuda, Y., Manly, K. F., and Chapman, V. M. (1993).
In situ analysis of centromere segregation in C57BL/6 X Mus spretus interspecific backcrosses. Mammal. Genome 4: 475-480.
See also MGI.

McClelland, M., and Ivarie, R. (1982).
Asymmetrical distribution of CpG in an 'average' mammalian gene. Nucl. Acids Res. 10: 7865-7877.
See also PubMed.

McDonald, J. D., Shedlovsky, A., and Dove, W. F. (1990).
Investigating inborn errors of phenylalanine metabolism by efficient mutagenesis of the mouse germ line. In Biology of Mammalian Germ Cell Mutagenesis, Allen, J. W., Bridges, B. A., Lyon, M. F., Moses, M. J., and Russell, L. B., eds. (Cold Spring Harbor Press, Cold Spring Harbor), pp. 259-270.

McGinnis, W., and Krumlauf, R. (1992).
Homeobox genes and axial patterning. Cell 68: 283-302.
See also MGI.

McGrath, J., and Solter, D. (1983).
Nuclear Transplantation in the mouse embryo by microsurgery and cell fusion. Science 220: 1300-1302.
See also PubMed.

McKusick, V. (1988).
Mendelian Inheritance in Man: Catalogs of Autosomal Dominant, Autosomal Recessive, and X-Linked Phenotypes. 8th (The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore).
See also OMIM.

Meisler, M. H. (1992).
Insertional mutation of 'classical' and novel genes in transgenic mice. Trend Genet. 8: 341-344.
See also PubMed.

Mietz, J. A., and Kuff, E. L. (1992).
Intracisternal A-particle-specific oligonucleotides provide multilocus probes for genetic linkage studies in the mouse. Mammal. Genome 3: 447-451.
See also PubMed.

Michaud, J., Brody, L. C., Steel, G., Fontaine, G., Martin, L. S., Valle, D., and Mitchell, G. (1992).
Strand-separating conformational polymorphism analysis: efficacy of detection of point mutations in the human ornithine delta-aminotransferase gene. Genomics 13: 389-394.
See also PubMed.

Michelmore, R. W., Paran, I., and Kesseli, R. V. (1991).
Identification of markers linked to disease-resistance genes by bulked segregant analysis: a rapid method to detect markers in specific genomic regions by using segregating populations. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 88: 9828-32.
See also PubMed.

Michiels, F., Burmeister, M., and Lehrach, H. (1987).
Derivation of clones close to met by preparative field inversion gel electrophoresis. Science 236: 1305-1308.
See also PubMed.

Miesfeld, R., Krystal, M., and Arnheim, N. (1981).
A member of new repeated sequence family which is conserved throughout eucaryotic evolution is found between the human delta- and beta-globin genes. Nuc. Acids Res. 9: 5931.
See also PubMed.

Miller, O. J., and Miller, D. A. (1975).
Cytogenetics of the mouse. Ann. Rev. Genet. 9: 285-303.
See also PubMed.

Milner, C. M., and Campbell, R. D. (1992).
Genes, genes and more genes in the human major histocompatibility complex. BioEssays 14: 565-571.
See also PubMed.

Montagutelli, X. (1990).
GENE-LINK: a program in PASCAL for backcross genetic analysis. J Hered 81: 490-1.
See also PubMed.

Moore, D. S., and McCabe, G. P. (1989).
Introduction to the Practice of Statistics. (W.H. Freeman & Co., New York).

Moore, T., and Haig, D. (1991).
Genomic imprinting in mammalian development: A parental tug-of-war. Trends Genet 7: 45-49.
See also PubMed.

Morgan, T. H., and Cattell, E. (1912).
Data for the study of sex-linked inheritance in Drosophila. J. Exp. Zool. 13: 79-101.

Morse, H. C. (1978).
Introduction. In Origins of Inbred Mice, Morse, H. C., eds. (Academic Press, New York), pp. 1-31.
See also Origins of Inbred Mice at MGI.

Morse, H. C. (1981).
The laboratory mouse - A historical perspective. In The Mouse in Biomedical Research, Vol. 1, Foster, H. L., Small, J. D., and Fox, J. G., eds. (Academic Press, New York), pp. 1-16.

Morse, H. C. (1985).
The Bussey Institute and the early days of mammalian genetics. Immunogenet. 21: 109-116.
See also PubMed.

Morton, N. (1955).
Sequential tests for the detection of linkage. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 7: 277-318.

Moseley, W. S., and Seldin, M. F. (1989).
Definition of mouse chromosome 1 and 3 gene linkage groups that are conserved on human chromosome 1: Evidence that a conserved linkage group spans the centromere of human chromosome 1. Genomics 5: 899-905.
See also MGI.

Moulia, C., Aussel, J. P., Bonhomme, F., Boursot, P., Nielsen, J. T., and Renaud, F. (1991).
Wormy mice in a hybrid zone: a genetic control of susceptibility to parasite infection. J. Evol. Biol. 4: 679-687.

Moyzis, R. K., Buckingham, J. M., Cram, L. S., Dani, M., Deaven, L. L., Jones, M. D., Meyne, J., Ratliffe, R. L., and Wu, J.-R. (1988).
A highly conserved repetitive DNA sequence, (TTAGGG)n, present at the telomeres of human chromosomes. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 85: 6622-6626.
See also PubMed.

Mu, J. L., Naggert, J. K., Nishina, P. M., Cheach, Y. C., and Paigen, B. (1993).
Strain distribution pattern in AXB and BXA recombinant inbred strains for loci on murine chromosomes 10, 13, 17, and 18. Mammal. Genome 4: 148-152.
See also MGI.

Muller, H. J. (1916).
The mechanism of crossing-over. Am. Nat. 50: 193-221.

Muller, H. J. (1927).
Artificial transmutation of the gene. Science 66: 84-87.

Myers, R. M., Fischer, S.G., and Maniatis, T. (1985).
Nearly all single base substitutions in DNA fragments joined to a GC-clamp can be detected by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. Nucl. Acids Res. 13: 3131-3145.
See also PubMed.

Nadeau, J. H. and Taylor, B. A. (1984).
Lengths of chromosomal segments conserved since divergence of man and mouse. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 81: 814-818.
See also MGI.

Nadeau, J. H., Bedigian, H. G., Bouchard, G., Denial, T., Kosowksy, M.,
Norberg, R., Pugh, S., Sargeant, E., Turner, R., and Paigen, B. (1992).
Multilocus markers for mouse genome analysis: PCR amplification based on single primers of arbitrary nucleotide sequence. Mammal. Genome 3: 55-64.
See also MGI.

Nadeau, J. H., Herrmann, B., Bucan, M., Burkart, D., Crosby, J. L., Erhart, M. A., Kosowsky, M., Kraus, J. P., Michiels, F., Schnattinger, A., Tchetgen, M.-B., Varnum, D., Willison, K., Lehrach, H., and Barlow, D. (1991).
Genetic maps of mouse chromosome 17 including 12 new anonymous DNA loci and 25 anchor loci. Genomics 9: 78-89.
See also MGI.

Nakamura, Y., Leppert, M., O'Connell, P., Wolff, R., Holm, T., Culver, M., Martin, C., Fujimoto, E., Hoff, M., Kumlin, E., and White, R. (1987).
Variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) markers for human gene mapping. Science 235: 1616-1622.
See also PubMed.

Nebel, B. R., Amarose, A. P., and Hackett, E. M. (1961).
Calender of gametogenic development in the prepuberal male mouse. Science 134: 832-833.

Nei, M. (1987).
Molecular Evolutionary Genetics. (Columbia University Press, New York).

Nelson, D. L., and Brownstein, B. H., eds. (1994).
YAC Libraries, A User's Guide (W.H. Freeman and Company, New York).

Nelson, D. L., Ledbetter, S. A., Corbo, L., Victoria, M. F., Ramirez-Solis, R., Webster, T. D., Ledbetter, D. H., and Caskey, T. (1989).
Alu polymerase chain reaction: A method for rapid isolation of human-specific sequences from complex DNA sources. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 86: 6686-6690.
See also PubMed.

Neumann, P. E. (1990).
Two-locus linkage analysis using recombinant inbred strains and Bayes' Theorem. Genetics 126: 277-284.
See also PubMed.

Neumann, P. E. (1991).
Three-locus linkage analysis using recombinant inbred strains and Bayes' theorem. Genetics 128: 631-638.
See also PubMed.

Nicholls, R. D., Knoll, J. H. M., Butler, M. G., Karam, S., and Lalande, M. (1989).
Genetic imprinting suggested by maternal heterodisomy in non-deletion Prader-Willi syndrome. Nature 342: 281-285.
See also PubMed.

North, M. A., Sanseau, P., and Buckler, A. J. (1993).
Efficiency and specificity of gene isolation by exon amplification. Mammal. Genome 4: 466-474.
See also PubMed.

O'Brien, S., Womack, J. E., Lyons, L. A., Moore, K. J., Jenkins, N. A., and Copeland, N. G. (1993).
Anchored reference loci for comparative genome mapping in mammals. Nature Genetics 3: 103-112.
See also MGI.

O'Farrell, P. H. (1975).
High resolution two-dimensional electrophoresis of proteins. J. Biol. Chem. 250: 4007-4021.
See also PubMed.

Oakberg, E. F. (1956a).
A description of spermiogenesis in the mouse and its use in the analysis of the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium and germ cell renewal. Amer. J. Anat. 99: 391-413.

Oakberg, E. F. (1956b).
Spermatogenesis in the mouse and timing of stages of the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium. Am. J. Anat. 99: 507-516.

Ohno, S. (1967).
Sex Chromosomes and Sex-Linked Genes. (Springer Verlag, Berlin).

Okada, N. (1991).
SINEs. Curr. Opin. Genet. Develop. 1: 498-504.
See also PubMed.

Olds-Clarke, P., and Peitz, B. (1985).
Fertility of sperm from t/+ mice: evidence that +-bearing sperm are dysfunctional. Genet. Res. 47: 49-52.
See also PubMed.

Ollmann, M. M., Winkes, B. M., and Barsh, G. S. (1992).
Construction, analysis, and application of a radiation hybrid mapping panel surrounding the mouse agouti locus. Genomics 13: 731-740.
See also MGI.

Orita, M., Iwahana, H., Kanazawa, H., Hayashi, K., and Sekiya, T. (1989a).
Detection of polymorphisms of human DNA by gel electrophoresis as single-strand conformation polymorphisms. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci.USA 86: 2766-2770.
See also PubMed.

Orita, M., Suzuki, Y., Sekiya, T., and Hayashi, K. (1989b).
Rapid and sensitive detection of point mutations and DNA polymorphisms using the polymerase chain reaction. Genomics 5: 874-879.
See also PubMed.

Painter (1928).
Genetics 13: 180-189.

Palmiter, R. D., and Brinster, R. L. (1986).
Germ-line transformation of mice. Ann. Rev. Genet. 20: 465-499.
See also PubMed.

Papaioannou, V. E., and Festing, M. F. W. (1980).
Genetic drift in a stock of laboratory mice. Labortory Animals 14: 11-13.
See also PubMed.

Pardue, M. L., and Gall, J. G. (1970).
Chromosomal localization of mouse satellite DNA. Science 168: 1356-1358.
See also MGI.

Parimoo, S., Patanjali, S. R., Shukla, H., Chaplin, D. D., and Weissman, S. M. (1991).
cDNA selection: Efficient PCR approach for the selection of cDNAs encoded in large chromosomal DNA fragments. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 88: 9623-9627.
See also PubMed.

Parrish, J. E., and Nelson, D. L. (1993).
Methods for finding genes: a major rate-limiting step in positional cloning. Gen. Anal. Tech. Appl. 10: 29-41.
See also PubMed.

Patanjali, S. R., Parimoo, S., and Weismann, S. M. (1991).
Construction of a uniform abundance (normalized) cDNA library. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 88: 1943-1947.
See also PubMed.

Pedersen, R. A., Papaioannou, V., Joyner, A., and Rossant, J. (1993).
Targeted Mutagenesis in Mice. Audiovisual material from Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor.

Pickford, I. (1989)
Ph.D. thesis, Imperial Cancer Research Foundation.

Pierce, J. C., Sternberg, N., and Sauer, B. (1992).
A mouse genomic library in the bacteriophage P1 cloning system: organization and characterization. Mamm Genome 3: 550-8.
See also MGI.

Pierce, J. C., and Sternberg, N. L. (1992).
Using bacteriophage P1 system to clone high molecular weight genomic DNA. Methods Enzymol 216: 549-74.
See also PubMed.

Popp, R. A., Bailiff, E. G., Skow, L. C., Johnson, F. M., and Lewis, S. E. (1983).
Analysis of a mouse alpha-globin gene mutation induced by ethylnitrosourea. Genetics 105: 157-167.
See also MGI.

Potter, M., Nadeau, J. H., and Cancro, M. P., eds. (1986).
The Wild Mouse in Immunology (Springer-Verlag, New York).

Povey, S., Smith, M., Haines, J., Kwiatkowski, D., Fountain, J., Bale, A., Abbott, C., Jackson, I., Lawrie, M., and Hultén, M. (1992).
Report and abstracts of the first international workshop on chromosome 9. Ann. Hum. Genet. 56: 167-221.
See also PubMed.

Punnett, R. C. (1911).
Mendelism. (Macmillan, New York).

Rajan, T. V., Halay, E. D., Potter, T. A., Evans, G. A., Seidman, J. G., and Margulies, D. H. (1983).
H-2 hemizygous mutants from a heterozygous cell line: Role of mitotic recombination. EMBO J 2: 1537-1542.

Rattner, J. B. (1991).
The structure of the mammalian centromere. Bioessays 13: 51-56.
See also PubMed.

Reeves, R. H., Crowley, M. R., Moseley, W. S., and Seldin, M. F. (1991).
Comparison of interspecific to intersubspecific backcrosses demonstrates species and sex differences in recombination frequency on mouse chromosome 16. Mammal. Genome 1: 158-164.
See also MGI.

Ridley, R. M., Frith, C. D., Farrer, L. A., and Conneally, P. M. (1991).
Patterns of inheritance of the symptoms of Huntington disease suggestive of an effect of genomic imprinting. J. Med. Genet. 28: 224-231.
See also PubMed.

Rikke, B. A., Garvin, L. D., and Hardies, S. C. (1991).
Systematic identification of LINE-1 repetitive DNA sequence differences having species specificity between Mus spretus and Mus domesticus. J Mol Biol 219: 635-643.
See also PubMed.

Rikke, B. A., and Hardies, S. C. (1991).
LINE-1 repetitive DNA probes for species-specific cloning from Mus spretus and Mus domesticus genomes. Genomics 11: 895-904.
See also MGI.

Riley, J., Butler, R., Ogilvie, D., Finniear, R., Jenner, D., Powell, S., Anand, R., Smith, J. C., and Markham, A. F. (1990).
A novel rapid method for the isolation of terminal sequences from yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) clones. Nucl. Acid Res. 18: 2887-2890.
See also PubMed.

Rinchik, E. M. (1991).
Chemical mutagenesis and fine-structure functional analysis of the mouse genome. Trend. Genet. 7: 15-21.
See also PubMed.

Rinchik, E. M., Bangham, J. W., Hunsicker, P. R., Cacheiro, N. L. A., Kwon, B. S., Jackson, I. J., and Russell, L. B. (1990a).
Genetic and molecular analysis of chlorambucil-induced germ-line mutations in the mouse. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 87: 1416-1420.
See also PubMed.

Rinchik, E. M., Carpenter, D. A., and Selby, P. B. (1990b).
A strategy for fine-structure functional analysis of a 6- to 11-centimorgan region of mouse chromosome 7 by high-efficiency mutagenesis. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 87: 896-900.
See also MGI.

Rinchik, E. M., and Russell, L. B. (1990).
Germ-line deletion mutations in the mouse: tools for intensive functional and physical mapping of regions of the mammalian genome. In Genetic and Physical Mapping, Genome analysis 1, Davies, K. E. and Tilghman, S. M., eds. (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor), pp. 121-158.

Robertson, E. J. (1991).
Using embryonic stem cells to introduce mutations into the mouse germ line. Biol Reprod 44: 238-45.
See also PubMed.

Röhme, D., Fox, H., Herrmann, B., Frischauf, A.-M., Edstršm, J.-E., Mains, P., Silver, L. M., and Lehrach, H. (1984).
Molecular clones of the mouse t complex derived from microdissected metaphase chromosomes. Cell 36: 783-788.
See also MGI.

Rossant, J., Vijh, M., Siracusa, L. D., and Chapman, V. M. (1983).
Identification of embryonic cell lineages in histological sections of M. musculus<->M. caroli chimaeras. J. Embryol. Exp. Morph. 73: 179-191.
See also PubMed.

Rossi, J. M., Burke, D. T., Leung, J. C., Koos, D. S., Chen, H., and Tilghman, S. M. (1992).
Genomic analysis using a yeast artificial chromosome library with mouse DNA inserts. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 89: 2456-60.
See also MGI.

Rowe, F. P. (1981).
Wild house mouse biology and control. Symp. zool. Soc. London 47: 575-589.

Rowe, L. B., Nadeau, J. H., Turner, R., Frankel, W. N., Letts, V. A., Eppig, J. T. , Ko, M. S., Thurston, S. J., and Birkenmeier, E. H. (1994).
Maps from two interspecific backcross DNA panels available as a community genetic mapping resource. Mammal. Genome 5:253-274.
See also MGI.

Rugh, R. (1968).
The Mouse: Its Reproduction and Development. (Oxford University Press, New York).

Russell, E. S. (1978).
Origins and history of mouse inbred strains: contributions of Clarence Cook Little. In Origins of Inbred Mice, Morse, H. C., eds. (Academic Press, New York), pp. 33-43.
See also Origins of Inbred Mice at MGI.

Russell, E. S. (1985).
A history of mouse genetics. Ann. Rev. Genet. 19: 1-28.
See also PubMed.

Russell, L. B. (1990).
Patterns of mutational sensitivity to chemicals in poststem-cell stages of mouse spermatogenesis. Prog Clin Biol Res 340: 101.
See also PubMed.

Russell, L. B., Hunsicker, P. R., Cacheiro, N. L. A., Bangham, J. W., Russell, W. L., and Shelby, M. D. (1989).
Chlorambucil effectively induces deletion mutations in mouse germ cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 86: 3704-3708.
See also PubMed.

Russell, L. B., Russell, W. L., Rinchik, E. M., and Hunsicker, P. R. (1990).
Factors affecting the nature of induced mutations. In Biology of Mammalian Germ Cell Mutagenesis, Allen, J. W., Bridges, B. A., Lyon, M. F., Moses, M. J., and Russell, L. B., eds. (Cold Spring Harbor Press, Cold Spring Harbor), pp. 271-289.

Russell, W. L., Hunsicker, P. R., Raymer, G. D., Steele, M. H., Stelzner, K. F., and Thompson, H. M. (1982).
Dose response curve for ethylnitrosourea specific-locus mutations in mouse spermatogonia. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 79: 3589-3591.
See also MGI.

Russell, W. L., and Hurst, J. G. (1945).
Pure strain mice born to hybrid mothers following ovarian transplantation. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 31: 267-273.
See also MGI.

Russell, W. L., Kelly, P. R., Hunsicker, P. R., Bangham, J. W., Maddux, S. C., and Phipps, E. L. (1979).
Specific-locus test shows ethylnitrosourea to be the most potent mutagen in the mouse. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 76: 5918-5922.
See also PubMed.

Ruvinsky, A., Agulnik, A., Agulnik, S., and Rogachova, M. (1991).
Functional analysis of mutations of murine chromosome 17 with the use of tertiary trisomy. Genetics 127: 781-788.
See also PubMed.

Sage, R. D. (1981).
Wild mice. In The Mouse in Biomedical Research, Vol. 1, Foster, H. L., Small, J. D., and Fox, J. G., eds. (Academic Press, N.Y.), pp. 40-90.

Sage, R. D. (1986).
Wormy mice in a hybrid zone. Nature 324: 60-63.

Sage, R. D., Whitney, J. B., and Wilson, A. C. (1986).
Genetic analysis of a hybrid zone between domesticus and musculus mice (Mus musculus complex): Hemoglobin polymorphisms. Curr. Topics Micro. Immunol. 127: 75-85.
See also PubMed.

Saiki, R. K., Bugawan, T. L., Horn, G. T., Mullis, K. B., and Erlich, H. A. (1986).
Analysis of enzymatically amplified beta-globin and HLA-DQ alpha DNA with allele-specific oligonucleotide probes. Nature 324: 163-166.
See also PubMed.

Sambrook, J., Fritsch, E. F., and Maniatis, T. (1989).
Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual. 2nd (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor).

Sapienza, C. (1989).
Genome imprinting and dominance modification. Ann NY Acad Sci 534: 24-38.
See also PubMed.

Sapienza, C. (1991).
Genome imprinting and carcinogenesis. Biochem. Biophys. Acta 1072: 51-61.
See also PubMed.

Scalenghe, F., Turco, E., Edstrom, J. E., Pirotta, V., and Melli, M. (1981).
Microdissection and cloning of DNA from a specific region of Drosophila melanogaster polytene chromosomes. Chromosoma 82: 205-216.
See also PubMed.

Schedl, A., Montoliu, L., Kelsey, G., and SchŸtz, G. (1993).
A yeast artificial chromosome covering the tyrosinase gene confers copy number-dependent expression in transgenic mice. Nature 362: 258-261.
See also MGI.

Schwartz, D. C., and Cantor, C. R. (1984).
Separation of yeast chromosome-sized DNAs by pulsed field gel electrophoresis. Cell 37: 67-75.
See also PubMed.

Searle, A. G. (1982).
The genetics of sterility in the mouse. In Genetic Control of Gamete Production and Function, Crosignani, P. G. and Rubin, B. L., eds. (Academic Press, London), pp. 93-114.

Searle, A. G. (1989).
Chromosomal variants: numerical variants and structural rearrangements. In Genetic Variants and Strains of the Laboratory Mouse, Lyon, M. F. and Searle, A. G., eds. (Oxford University Press, Oxford), pp. 582-616.
See also MGI.

Sedivy, J. M., and Joyner, A. L. (1992).
Gene Targeting. (W.H. Freeman, New York).

Seldin, M. F., Howard, T. A., and D'Eustachio, P. (1989).
Comparison of linkage maps of mouse chromosome 12 derived from laboratory strain intraspecific and Mus spretus interspecific backcrosses. Genomics 5: 24-28.
See also MGI.

Serikawa, T., Montagutellie, X., Simon-Chazottes, D., and Guénet, J.-L. (1992).
Polymorphisms revealed by PCR with single, short-sized, arbitrary primers are reliable markers for mouse and rat gene mapping. Mammal. Genome 3: 65-72.
See also MGI.

Shedlovsky, A., King, T. R., and Dove, W. F. (1988).
Saturation germ line mutagenesis of the murine t region including a lethal allele at the quaking locus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 85: 180-4.
See also MGI.

Sheehan, P. M., Fastovsky, D. E., Hoffmann, R. G., Berghaus, C. B., and Gabriel, D. L. (1991).
Sudden extinction of the dinosaurs: Latest Cretaceous, Upper Great Plains, U.S.A. Science 254: 835-839.

Sheffield, V. C., Beck, J. S., Kwitek, A. E., Sandstrom, D. W., and Stone, E. M. (1993).
The sensitivity of single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis for the detection of single base substitutions. Genomics 16: 325-332.
See also PubMed.

Sheffield, V. C., Cox, D. R., Lerman, L. S., and Myers, R. M. (1989).
Attachment of a 40-base pair G + C-rich sequence (GC-clamp) to genomic DNA fragments by the polymerase chain reaction results in improved detection of single-base changes. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 86: 232-236.
See also PubMed.

Sheppard, R., Montagutelli, X., Jean, W., Tsai, J.-Y., Guénet, J.-L., Cole, M. D., and Silver, L. M. (1991).
Two-dimensional gel analysis of complex DNA families: Methodology and apparatus. Mammal. Genome 1: 104-111.
See also PubMed.

Sheppard, R. D., and Silver, L. M. (1993).
Methods for two-dimensional analysis of repetitive DNA families. In Guides to Techniques in Mouse Development, Methods in Enzymology 225, Wassarman, P. M. and DePamphilis, M. L., eds. (Academic Press, San Diego), pp. 701-715.

Shizuya, H., Birren, B., Kim, U.-J., Mancino, V., Slepak, T., Tachiiru, Y., and Simon, M. (1992).
Cloning and stable maintenance of 300-kilobase-pair fragments of human DNA in Escherichia coli using an F-factor-based vector. Proc. Nat. Acad. USA 89: 8794-8797.
See also PubMed.

Silver, J. (1985).
Confidence limits for estimates of gene linkage based on analysis of recombinant inbred strains. J. Hered. 76: 436-440.
See also PubMed.

Silver, J., and Buckler, C. E. (1986).
Statistical considerations for linkage analysis using recombinant inbred strains and backcrosses. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 83: 1423-1427.
See also MGI.

Silver, L. M. (1985).
Mouse t haplotypes. Ann. Rev. Genet. 19: 179-208.
See also MGI.

Silver, L. M. (1986).
A software package for record-keeping and analysis of a breeding mouse colony. J. Hered. 77: 479.
See also PubMed.

Silver, L. M. (1988).
Mouse t haplotypes: a tale of tails and a misunderstood selfish chromosome. Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol. 137: 64-69.
See also PubMed.

Silver, L. M. (1990).
At the crossroads of developmental genetics: the cloning of the classical mouse t locus. Bioessays 12: 377-380.
See also PubMed.

Silver, L. M. (1993a).
The peculiar journey of a selfish chromosome: mouse t haplotypes and meiotic drive. Trends in Genetics 9: 250-254.
See also MGI.

Silver, L. M. (1993b).
Recordkeeping and database analysis of breeding colonies. In Guides to Techniques in Mouse Development, Methods in Enzymology Vol. 225, Wassarman, P. M. and DePamphilis, M. L., eds. (Academic Press, San Diego), pp. 3-15.

Silver, L. M., Uman, J., Danska, J., and Garrels, J. I. (1983).
A diversified set of testicular cell proteins specified by genes within the mouse t complex. Cell 35: 35-45.
See also MGI.

Silver, L. M., Hammer, M., Fox, H., Garrels, J., Bœcan, M.,
Herrmann, B., Frischauf, A. M., Lehrach, H., Winking, H., Figueroa, F., and Klein, J. (1987).
Molecular evidence for the rapid propagation of mouse t haplotypes from a single, recent, ancestral chromosome. Mol. Biol. Evol. 4: 473-482.
See also PubMed.

Silver, L. M., Nadeau, J. H., and Goodfellow, P. N. (1993).
Encyclopedia of the Mouse Genome III. Mammal. Genome 4 (special issue): S1-S283.

Silvers, W. K. (1979).
The Coat Colors of the Mouse. (Springer-Verlag, New York).
See also The Coat Colors of the Mouse at MGI.

Simmler, M.-C., Cox, R. D., and Avner, P. (1991).
Adaptation of the interspersed repetitive sequence polymerase chain reaction to the isolation of mouse DNA probes from somatic cell hybrids on a hamster background. Genomics 10: 770-778.
See also MGI.

Singer, M. F. (1982).
SINEs and LINEs: highly repeated short and long interspersed sequences in mammalian genomes. Cell 28.
See also PubMed.

Siracusa, L. D., Jenkins, N. A., and Copeland, N. G. (1991).
Identification and applications of repetitive probes for gene mapping in the mouse. Genetics 127: 169-179.
See also MGI.

Slizynski, B. M. (1954).
Chiasmata in the male mouse. J. Genet. 53: 597-605.

Smithies, O. (1993).
Animal models of human genetic diseases. Trends Genet. 9: 112-116.
See also MGI.

Snell, G. D., eds. (1941).
Biology of the Laboratory Mouse, First edition (Blakiston Co., New York).

Snell, G. D. (1978).
Congenic resistant strains of mice. In Origins of Inbred Mice, Morse, H. C., eds. (Academic Press, New York), pp. 1-31.
See also Origins of Inbred Mice at MGI.

Snell, G. D., and Reed, S. (1993).
William Ernest Castle, pioneer mammalian geneticist. Genetics 133: 751-753.
See also PubMed.

Snouwaert, J. N., Brigman, K. K., Latour, A. M., Malouf, N. N., Boucher, R. C., Smithies, O., and Koller, B. H. (1992).
An animal model for cystic fibrosis made by gene targeting. Science 257: 1083-1088.
See also MGI.

Sokal, R. R., Oden, N. L., and Wilson, C. (1991).
Genetic evidence for the spread of agriculture in Europe by demic diffusion. Nature 351: 143-145.
See also PubMed.

Soller, M. (1991).
Mapping quantitative trait loci affecting traits of economic importance in animal populations using molecular markers. In Gene-mapping Techniques and Applications, Schook, L. B., Lewin, H. A., and McLaren, D. G., eds. (Marcel Dekker Inc., New York), pp. 21-49.

Stallings, R. L., Ford, A. F., Nelson, D., Torney, D. C., Hildebrand, C. E., and Moyzis, R. K. (1991).
Evolution and distribution of (GT)n repetitive sequences in mammalian genomes. Genomics 10: 807-815.
See also PubMed.

Steinmetz, M., Uematsu, Y., and Fischer-Lindhal, K. (1987).
Hotspots of homologous recombination in mammalian genomes. Trends Genet. 3: 7-10.
See also MGI.

Stevens, L. C. (1957).
A modification of Robertson's technique of homoiotopic ovarian transplantation in mice. Transplant. Bull. 4: 106-107.

Strong, L. C. (1978).
Inbred mice in science. In Origins of Inbred Mice, Morse, H. C., eds. (Academic Press, New York), pp. 45-67.
See also Origins of Inbred Mice at MGI.

Sturtevant, A. H. (1913).
The linear arrangement of six sex-linked factors in Drosophila, as shown by their mode of association. J. Exper. Zool. 14: 43-59.

Takahashi, N. and Ko, M.S.H. (1993).
The short 3'-end of complementary DNAs as PCR-based polymorphic markers for an expression map of the mouse genome. Genomics 16: 161-168.
See also MGI.

Taketo, M., Schroeder, A. C., Mobraaten, L. E., Gunning, K. B., Hanten, G.,
Fox, R. R., Roderick, T. H., Stewart, C. L., Lilly, F., Hansen, C. T., and Overbeek, P. A. (1991).
FVB/N: An inbred mouse strain preferable for transgenic analyses. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 88: 2065-2069.
See also MGI.

Talbot, D., Collis, P., Antoniou, M., Vidal, M., Grosveld, F., and Greaves, D. R. (1989).
A dominant control region from the human beta-globin locus conferring integration site-independent gene expression. Nature 338: 352-355.
See also PubMed.

Taylor, B. A. (1978).
Recombinant inbred strains: use in gene mapping. In Origins of Inbred Mice, Morse, H. C., eds. (Academic Press, New York), pp. 423-438.
See also Origins of Inbred Mice at MGI.

ten Berg, R. (1989).
Recombinant inbred series, OXA. Mouse News Lett. 84: 102-104.
See also MGI.

Townes, T. M., and Behringer, R. R. (1990).
Human globin locus activation region (LAR): role in temporal control. Trends Genet. 6: 219-223.
See also PubMed.

Trask, B. J. (1991).
Fluorescence in situ hybridization: applications in cytogenetics and gene mapping. Trend. Genet. 7: 149-155.
See also PubMed.

Tucker, P. K., Lee, B. K., Lundrigan, B. L., and Eicher, E. M. (1992).
Geographic origin of the Y chromosome in "old" inbred strains of mice. Mammal. Genome 3: 254-261.
See also MGI.

Updike, J. (1991).
Introduction. In The Art of Mickey Mouse, Yoe, C. and Morra-Yoe, J., eds. (Hyperion, New York)

Valancius, V., and Smithies, O. (1991).
Testing an "in-out" targeting procedure for making subtle genomic modifications in mouse embryonic stem cells. Mol. Cell. Bio. 11: 1402-1408.
See also PubMed.

van Deursen, J., and Wieringa, B. (1992).
Targeting of the creatine kinase M gene in embryonic stem cells using isogenic and nonisogenic vectors. Nuc. Acids Res. 20: 3815-3820.
See also PubMed.

Vanlerberghe, F., Boursot, P., Catalan, J., Gerasimov, S., Bonhomme, F., Botev, B. A., and Thaler, L. (1988).
Analyse génétique de la zone d'hybridation entre les deux sous-espèces de souris Mus musculus domesticus et Mus musculus musculus en Bulgarie. Genome 30: 427-437.
See also PubMed.

Wagner, E. F., Stewart, T. A., and Mintz, B. (1981a).
The human beta-globin gene and a functional thymidine kinase gene in developing mice. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 78: 5016-5020.
See also PubMed.

Wagner, T. E., Hoppe, P. C., Jollick, J. D., Scholl, D. R., Hodinka, R. L., and Gault, J. B. (1981b).
Microinjection of a rabbit beta-globin gene into zygotes and its subsequent expression in adult mice and their offspring. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 78: 6376-6380.
See also PubMed.

Wallace, M. E. (1981).
Wild mice heterozygous for a single Robertsonian translocation. Mouse News Lett. 64: 49.

Wassarman, P. (1993).
Mammalian eggs, sperm and fertilisation: dissimilar cells with a common goal. Develop Biol 4: 189-197.

Wassarman, P. M. (1990).
Profile of a mammalian sperm receptor. Development 108: 1-17.
See also PubMed.

Wassarman, P. M., and DePamphilis, M. L., eds. (1993).
Guide to Techniques in Mouse Development (Academic Press, San Diego).

Watson, J. D., and Tooze, J. (1981).
The DNA Story: a Documentary History of Gene Cloning. (W. H. Freeman, San Francisco).

Watson, M. L., D'Eustachio, P., Mock, B. A., Steinberg, A. D., Morse, H. C.,
Oakey, R. J., Howard, T. A., Rochelle, J. M., and Seldin, M. F. (1992).
A linkage map of mouse chromosome 1 using an interspecific cross segregating for the gld autoimmunity mutation. Mammal. Genome 2: 158-171.
See also MGI.

Weber, J. L. (1990).
Informativeness of human (dC-dA)n.(dG-dT)n polymorphisms. Genomics 7: 524-530.
See also PubMed.

Weber, J. L., and May, P. E. (1989).
Abundant class of human DNA polymorphisms which can be typed using the polymerase chain reaction. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 44: 388-396.
See also PubMed.

Weber, J. L., Wang, Z., Hansen, K., Stephenson, M., Kappel, C., Salzman, S., Wilkie, P. J., Keats, B., Dracopoli, N. C., Brandriff, B. F., and Olsen, A. S. (1993).
Evidence for human meiotic recombination interference obtained through construction of a short tandem repeat-polymorphism linkage map of chromosome 19. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 53: 1079-1095.
See also PubMed.

Weinberg, R. A. (1991).
Tumor suppressor genes. Science 254: 1138-1146.
See also PubMed.

Weiss, R. (1991).
Hot prospect for new gene amplifier: How LCR works. Science 254: 1292-1293.

Welsh, J., and McClelland, M. (1990).
Fingerprinting genomes using PCR with arbitrary primers. Nucl. Acids Res. 18: 7213-7218.
See also PubMed.

Welsh, J., Peterson, C., and McClelland, M. (1991).
Polymorphisms generated by arbitrarily primed PCR in the mouse: applications to strain identification and genetic mapping. Nucl. Acids Res. 19: 303-306.
See also MGI.

West, J. D., Frels, W. I., Papaioannou, V. E., Karr, J. P., and Chapman, V. M. (1977).
Development of interspecific hybrids of Mus. J. Embryol. exp. Morph. 41: 233-243.
See also PubMed.

Whittingham, D. G., and Wood, M. J. (1983).
Reproductive Physiology. In The Mouse in Biomedical Research, Vol. 3, Foster, H. L., Small, J. D., and Fox, J. G., eds. (Academic Press, NY), pp. 137-164.

Williams, J. G. K., Kubelik, A. R., Livak, K. J., Rafalski, J. A., and Tingey, S. V. (1990).
DNA polymorphisms amplified by arbitrary primers are useful as genetic markers. Nucl. Acids Res. 18: 6531-6535.
See also PubMed.

Wills, C. (1992).
Exons, Introns, and Talking Genes: The Science Behind the Human Genome Project. (Basic Books, New York).

Wilson, A. C., Ochman, H., and Prager, E. M. (1987).
Molecular scale for evolution. Trends Genet. 3: 241-247.

Wimer, R. E., and Fuller, J. L. (1966).
Patterns of behavior. In Biology of the Laboratory Mouse, Green, E. L., eds. (McGraw-Hill, New York), pp. 629-653.
See also Biology of the Laboratory Mouse at MGI.

Winking, H., and Silver, L. M. (1984).
Characterization of a recombinant mouse t haplotype that expresses a dominant lethal maternal effect. Genetics 108: 1013-1020.
See also MGI.

Womack, J. E. (1979).
Single gene differences controlling enzyme properties in the mouse. Genetics 92: s5-s12.
See also PubMed.

Wood, S. A., Pascoe, W. S., Schmidt, C., Kemler, R., Evans, M. J., and Allen, N. D. (1993).
Simple and efficient production of embryonic stem cell-embryo chimeras by coculture. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 90: 4582-4585.
See also PubMed.

Woodward, S. R., Sudweeks, J., and Teuscher, C. (1992).
Random sequence oligonucleotide primers detect polymorphic DNA products which segregate in inbred strains of mice. Mammal. Genome 3: 73-78.
See also MGI.

Woychik, R. P., Wassom, J. S., and Kingsbury, D. (1993).
TBASE: a computerized database for transgenic animals and targeted mutations. Nature 363: 375-376.
See also PubMed.

Wright, S. (1952).
The genetics of quantitative variability. In Quantitative Genetics, Reeve, E. C. R. and Waddington, C. H., eds. (H.M. Stat. Office, London), pp. 5-41.

Wright, S. (1966).
Mendel's ratios. In The Origin of Genetics: A Mendel Source Book, Stern, C. and Sherwood, E. R., eds. (W.H. Freeman, San Francisco).

Yamazaki, K., Beauchamp, G. K., Matsuzaki, O., Kupniewski, D., Bard, J., Thomas, L., and Boyse, E. A. (1986).
Influence of a genetic difference confined to mutation of H-2K on the incidence of pregnancy block in mice. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 83: 740-741.
See also PubMed.

Yoe, C., and Morra-Yoe, J. (1991).
The Art of Mickey Mouse. (Hyperion, New York).

Yonekawa, H., Moriwaki, K., Gotoh, O., Hayashi, J.-I., Watanabe, J., Miyashita, N., Petras, M. L., and Tagashira, Y. (1981).
Evolutionary relationships among five subspecies of Mus musculus based on restriction enzyme cleavage patterns of mitochondrial DNA. Genetics 98: 801-816.
See also PubMed.

Yonekawa, H., Moriwaki, K., Gotoh, O., Miyashita, N., Matsushima, Y., Shi, L., Cho, W. S., Zhen, X.-L., and Tagashira, Y. (1988).
Hybrid origin of Japanese mice "Mus musculus molossinus": evidence from restriction analysis of mitochondrial DNA. Mol. Biol. Evol. 5: 63-78.
See also PubMed.

Yonekawa, H., Moriwaki, K., Gotoh, O., Watanabe, J., Hayashi, J.-I., Miyashita, N., Petras, M. L., and Tagashira, Y. (1980).
Relationship between laboratory mice and subspecies mus musculus domesticus based on restriction endonuclease cleavage patterns of mitochondrial DNA. Japan. J. Genetics 55: 289-296.

Zhang, L., Cui, X., Schmitt, K., Hubert, R., Navidi, W., and Arnheim, N. (1992).
Whole genome amplification from a single cell: implications for genetic analysis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 89: 5847-5851.
See also PubMed.

Zhang, Y., and Tycko, B. (1992).
Monoallelic expression of the human H19 gene. Nature Genetics 1: 40-44.
See also PubMed.

Zimmerer, E. J., and Passmore, H. C. (1991).
Structural and genetic properties of the Eb recombinational hotspot in the mouse. Immunogenetics 33: 132-40.
See also MGI.

Zoghbi, H. Y., and Chinault, A. C. (1994).
Generation of YAC contigs by walking. In YAC Libraries, A User's Guide, Nelson, D. L. and Brownstein, B. H., eds. (W.H. Freeman and Company, New York).

Zurcher, C., van Zwieten, M. J., Solleveld, H. A., and Hollander, C. F. (1982).
Aging Research. In The Mouse in Biomedical Research, Vol. 4, Foster, H. L., Small, J. D., and Fox, J. G., eds. (Academic Press, NY), pp. 11-35.

Previous Next