Go Annotations as Summary Text (Tabular View) (GO Graph)

GO curators for mouse genes have assigned the following annotations to the gene product of Tfap2b. (This text reflects annotations as of Wednesday, January 23, 2013.)

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Summary from NCBI RefSeq

[Summary is not available for the mouse gene. This summary is for the human ortholog.] This gene encodes a member of the AP-2 family of transcription factors. AP-2 proteins form homo- or hetero-dimers with other AP-2 family members and bind specific DNA sequences. They are thought to stimulate cell proliferation and suppress terminal differentiation of specific cell types during embryonic development. Specific AP-2 family members differ in their expression patterns and binding affinity for different promoters. This protein functions as both a transcriptional activator and repressor. Mutations in this gene result in autosomal dominant Char syndrome, suggesting that this gene functions in the differentiation of neural crest cell derivatives. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

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Summary text based on GO annotations supported by experimental evidence in mouse

• Researchers have inferred from direct assay, that the gene product of Tfap2b
  • participates in the following biological processes:
    • negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter ^[8]
    • positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter ^{[1, 4]}
    • transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter ^[8]
  • performs the following molecular functions:
    • RNA polymerase II core promoter proximal region sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity involved in positive regulation of transcription ^[4]
    • RNA polymerase II core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding ^[8]
    • RNA polymerase II core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity ^[8]
    • RNA polymerase II transcription coactivator activity ^[8]
    • RNA polymerase II transcription corepressor activity ^[8]
    • transcription coactivator activity ^[4]
• The gene product of Tfap2b has been shown to bind to the gene products of Tfap2e. ^{[1, 3]}
• Researchers have inferred, based on phenotypic analysis of mouse mutants, that the gene product of Tfap2b
  • participates in the following biological processes:
    • aorta morphogenesis ^[8]
    • calcium ion homeostasis ^[5]
    • cellular ammonia homeostasis ^[5]
    • cellular creatinine homeostasis ^[5]
    • cellular urea homeostasis ^[5]
    • collecting duct development ^[5]
    • distal tubule development ^[5]
    • ductus arteriosus closure ^[8]
    • forelimb morphogenesis ^[8]
    • glucose homeostasis ^[5]
    • hindlimb morphogenesis ^[8]
    • kidney development ^[6]
    • magnesium ion homeostasis ^[5]
    • negative regulation of apoptotic process ^[2]
    • phosphate ion homeostasis ^[5]
    • positive regulation of cell proliferation ^[2]
    • positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter ^[8]
    • positive regulation of urine volume ^[5]
    • potassium ion homeostasis ^[5]
    • regulation of BMP signaling pathway ^[8]
    • renal water homeostasis ^[5]
    • sodium ion homeostasis ^[5]
  • performs the following molecular functions:
    • cysteine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity involved in apoptotic process ^[2]
• Researchers have inferred, based on genetic interactions, that the gene product of Tfap2b
  • participates in the following biological processes:
    • negative regulation of apoptotic process based on interactions with Tfap2a ^[7]
    • sympathetic nervous system development based on interactions with Tfap2a ^[7]

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Summary text based on GO annotations supported by experimental evidence in other organisms

• From comparative sequence analysis (see table for details), MGI curators have determined that the gene product of Tfap2b:
  • participates in the following biological processes:
    • glucose metabolic process
    • negative regulation of apoptotic process
    • negative regulation of cell proliferation
    • negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
    • negative regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent
    • positive regulation of cell proliferation
    • positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process
    • positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
    • positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent
    • regulation of cell differentiation
    • regulation of insulin secretion
    • regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent
  • performs the following molecular functions:
    • chromatin binding
    • enhancer sequence-specific DNA binding
    • protein dimerization activity
    • protein heterodimerization activity
    • protein homodimerization activity
    • RNA polymerase II core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding
    • sequence-specific DNA binding
    • sequence-specific DNA binding RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity
    • sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity
    • transcription coactivator activity
    • transcription corepressor activity
  • is located in the following cellular components:
    • nucleus

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Summary text for additional MGI annotations

• Automated translation to GO terms of SwissProt keywords that describe Tfap2b indicates that it:
  • participates in the following biological processes:
    • transcription, DNA-dependent
  • performs the following molecular functions:
    • DNA binding

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References

1. Bamforth SD et al. (2001) Cardiac malformations, adrenal agenesis, neural crest defects and exencephaly in mice lacking Cited2, a new Tfap2 co-activator. Nat Genet, 29:469-74. (PubMed:11694877)
2. Ebauer M et al. (2007) Comparative expression profiling identifies an in vivo target gene signature with TFAP2B as a mediator of the survival function of PAX3/FKHR. Oncogene, 26:7267-81. (PubMed:17525748)
3. Feng W et al. (2003) Cloning and characterization of the mouse AP-2epsilon gene: a novel family member expressed in the developing olfactory bulb. Mol Cell Neurosci, 24:460-75. (PubMed:14572467)
4. Moser M et al. (1995) Cloning and characterization of a second AP-2 transcription factor: AP-2 beta. Development, 121:2779-88. (PubMed:7555706)
5. Moser M et al. (2003) Terminal renal failure in mice lacking transcription factor AP-2 beta. Lab Invest, 83:571-8. (PubMed:12695560)
6. Moser M et al. (1997) Enhanced apoptotic cell death of renal epithelial cells in mice lacking transcription factor AP-2beta. Genes Dev, 11:1938-48. (PubMed:9271117)
7. Schmidt M et al. (2011) The transcription factors AP-2beta and AP-2alpha are required for survival of sympathetic progenitors and differentiated sympathetic neurons. Dev Biol, 355:89-100. (PubMed:21539825)
8. Zhao F et al. (2011) A heart-hand syndrome gene: Tfap2b plays a critical role in the development and remodeling of mouse ductus arteriosus and limb patterning. PLoS One, 6:e22908. (PubMed:21829553)

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Gene Ontology Evidence Code Abbreviations:

EXP Inferred from experiment

IC Inferred by curator

IDA Inferred from direct assay

IEA Inferred from electronic annotation

IGI Inferred from genetic interaction

IMP Inferred from mutant phenotype

IPI Inferred from physical interaction

ISS Inferred from sequence or structural similarity

ISO Inferred from sequence orthology

ISA Inferred from sequence alignment

ISM Inferred from sequence model

NAS Non-traceable author statement

ND No biological data available

RCA Reviewed computational analysis

TAS Traceable author statement

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