cardiovascular system
• at 4 weeks of age
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• at 4 weeks of age, mice exhibit decreased cardiac stroke volume compared with wild-type mice and single heterozygotes
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• at 4 weeks of age, mice exhibit decreased cardiac function (reduced left ventricle ejection fraction, fractional shortening of the ventricular chamber, volume of ejected blood with each heart beat, and cardiac output) compared with wild-type mice or single heterozygotes
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• mice exhibit prolonged QT and QTc intervals compared with wild-type mice
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muscle
• at 4 weeks of age, mice exhibit decreased cardiac function (reduced left ventricle ejection fraction, fractional shortening of the ventricular chamber, volume of ejected blood with each heart beat, and cardiac output) compared with wild-type mice or single heterozygotes
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