Analysis Tools
behavior/neurological
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• mice fail to exhibit hyperactivity after low doses of morphine as occurs in wild-type mice
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• female but not male mice fail to show a conditioned place preference to morphine-paired environments
• naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal-induced place aversions are also reduced in female but not male mice
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• mice have a lower maximal possible effect of morphine in a hotplate test
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• mice have a reduced jump latency time when put on a 58-degree hotplate
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