reproductive system
• sperm motility is further reduced from 56.3% to 45.5% upon capacitation
• percentage of motile sperm is reduced (56.3+/-2.1% compared to 72.7+/-4.2% in wild-type), all three velocity parameters are significantly lower, and while sperm beat more rapidly they fail to produce motion
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• in testes of mice older than 7 months, at least one large vacuole develops in 15.2+/-4.6% of tubules
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• at 8 weeks, testes weigh 10% less than in wild-type mice
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• sperm counts are reduced by greater than 50%
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• at 8 weeks, 46% of sperm tails are folded or angulated compared to 5.8% in wild-type
• cytoplasmic membrane is retracted from the region of folding
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• sperm tails are frequently bent by 180 within the middle piece or at the junction between the middle and principal pieces
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• sharp angulation of sperm tails at the junction of the middle and principal pieces is frequently observed
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• Background Sensitivity: unlike mice on a mixed background, males congenic on a 129 background produce smaller litter sizes of 3.8+/-2.1 pups compared to 8.3+/-2.5 pups in wild-type
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endocrine/exocrine glands
• in testes of mice older than 7 months, at least one large vacuole develops in 15.2+/-4.6% of tubules
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• at 8 weeks, testes weigh 10% less than in wild-type mice
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cellular
• sperm counts are reduced by greater than 50%
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• at 8 weeks, 46% of sperm tails are folded or angulated compared to 5.8% in wild-type
• cytoplasmic membrane is retracted from the region of folding
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• sperm tails are frequently bent by 180 within the middle piece or at the junction between the middle and principal pieces
|
• sharp angulation of sperm tails at the junction of the middle and principal pieces is frequently observed
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• percentage of motile sperm is reduced (56.3+/-2.1% compared to 72.7+/-4.2% in wild-type), all three velocity parameters are significantly lower, and while sperm beat more rapidly they fail to produce motion
• sperm motility is further reduced from 56.3% to 45.5% upon capacitation
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