mortality/aging
• die within a few hours of birth
|
respiratory system
• partially collapsed
|
• chondrocytes are abnormal and disorganized and the tracheal ring is malformed
|
• fail to fully inflate the lungs
|
skeleton
• chondrocytes are abnormal and disorganized and the tracheal ring is malformed
|
• the border between the chondrocytic hypertrophic zone and the primary spongiosa is irregular and disorganized
• however, cells along the proximal surface of the bone appear normal
|
• long bone growth plates are misshapen and wider with disrupted organization of the chondrocytes
|
• long bone growth plates are misshapen and wider with disrupted organization of the chondrocytes
|
• shorter long bones
|
• no definable cellular structures are seen in the center of the sternebrae or at the at the chondrosternal junctions
• collagen type II and type X expression is absent from the center of the sternum and at the chondrosternal junctions at P0
|
• no definable cellular structures are seen at the chondrosternal junctions
• collagen type II and type X expression are absent from the chondrosternal junctions at P0
|
• rib cage is wider and misshapen
|
• massive cell death is seen at the center of cartilagenous elements and a subtle delay in chondrocyte differentiation is seen in the periphery
|
• in the long bones, an area in the center of the proliferative columnar layer is hypocellular or contains abnormal cells with pyknotic nuclei
|
• in the long bones, an area in the center of the upper hypertrophic zone is hypocellular or contains abnormal cells with pyknotic nuclei
|
cardiovascular system
• ectopic angiogenesis seen in necrotic areas of long bone growth plates
|
embryo
limbs/digits/tail
short limbs
(
J:72709
)
• short, deformed limbs
|
growth/size/body