mortality/aging
• mutants die at birth
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embryo
• at E10.0, in the forelimb bud the apical ectodermal ridge is wider along the dorsal ventral axis and at E10.5 shorter along the anterior posterior axis
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• at E10 the forelimb bud is shorter along the proximal distal axis, wider along the anterior posterior axis and thicker on the dorsal ventral axis and this differences are increased at E10.5
• at E11.5 individual digit condensations cannot be identified
• the number of cells in the forelimb bud is increased 65% and 31% at E10.0 and E10.5, respectively, but decreased by 26% at E11.5 and cell death is increased starting at E10.5 although still confined to the normal cell death domain
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• at E9.5 the open neural plate is expanded
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• somite size is irregular
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limbs/digits/tail
• at E10.0, in the forelimb bud the apical ectodermal ridge is wider along the dorsal ventral axis and at E10.5 shorter along the anterior posterior axis
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• at E10 the forelimb bud is shorter along the proximal distal axis, wider along the anterior posterior axis and thicker on the dorsal ventral axis and this differences are increased at E10.5
• at E11.5 individual digit condensations cannot be identified
• the number of cells in the forelimb bud is increased 65% and 31% at E10.0 and E10.5, respectively, but decreased by 26% at E11.5 and cell death is increased starting at E10.5 although still confined to the normal cell death domain
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• the forelimb autopod has only 3 digits 1 with 3 phalanges and 2 with 2 phalanges
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• at E17.5, the stylopod is shortened by about 15%
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• at E17.5, the zeugopod is reduced by about 12% and often fused at the distal end
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• the hindlimb is more severely affected than the forelimb
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nervous system
• at E9.5 the open neural plate is expanded
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skeleton
• at E17.5 the initial cartilage condensations in the forelimb are reduced in number and size
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